the use of water wheels for draining ground water in roman mines
Roman mines faced numerous problems that caused work to be discontinued and sites abandoned. One such problem is groundwater resulting from digging near rivers or sees or leakages from the top of the mine. The Romans initially tackled this problem using the primitive means – current since the earlie...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Arabic |
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Arab Association for Islamic Civilization and Art
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Architecture, Art & Humanistic Science |
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| Online Access: | https://mjaf.journals.ekb.eg/article_136410.html |
| _version_ | 1818894171677655040 |
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| author | Heba Al Nahas |
| author_facet | Heba Al Nahas |
| author_sort | Heba Al Nahas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Roman mines faced numerous problems that caused work to be discontinued and sites abandoned. One such problem is groundwater resulting from digging near rivers or sees or leakages from the top of the mine. The Romans initially tackled this problem using the primitive means – current since the earliest times – of digging canals to redirect the flow of groundwater and then raising it using buckets and ropes. Later they introduced mechanical machines like Archimedes’ screw, which they soon replaced with the more modern waterwheel. An Alexandrian invention dating from the Ptolemaic era, the waterwheel had spread across the Mediterranean where it was used for agricultural work until the Roman era when its design was developed for use in a variety of fields including mining. Hundreds of waterwheels were used to lift water out of Roman mines.This paper raises a number of questions regarding how the waterwheel was used in mines, how giant machinery was transported into the mine, what was the mechanism for operating them once they were inside, were they similar to agricultural waterwheels (which relied on either water pressure or human and/or animal power), and when and why the Romans started using them.In the absence of primary sources dealing with the topic, research relies on various theories proposed following excavations in which mines were discovered at various points in history. The writer outlines the history of these discoveries and undertakes a comparative study of the theories proposed in order to reach the most plausible explanation. The paper follows the following scheme:1-Introducing and describing the waterwheel as defined by the Roman engineer Vitruvius;2-Surveying the discoveries and presenting the theories that were proposed at the time they were made over the centuries; and3-Surveying modern discoveries and comparing them to older ones. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T18:24:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7eea026ab3644d82b580b9578fbd523c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2356-9654 2357-0342 |
| language | Arabic |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T18:24:15Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Arab Association for Islamic Civilization and Art |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Architecture, Art & Humanistic Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-7eea026ab3644d82b580b9578fbd523c2022-12-21T20:10:54ZaraArab Association for Islamic Civilization and ArtJournal of Architecture, Art & Humanistic Science2356-96542357-03422021-11-0163076478010.21608/mjaf.2020.28681.1588the use of water wheels for draining ground water in roman minesHeba Al Nahas0Tanata,faculty of arts,tanata college,EgyptRoman mines faced numerous problems that caused work to be discontinued and sites abandoned. One such problem is groundwater resulting from digging near rivers or sees or leakages from the top of the mine. The Romans initially tackled this problem using the primitive means – current since the earliest times – of digging canals to redirect the flow of groundwater and then raising it using buckets and ropes. Later they introduced mechanical machines like Archimedes’ screw, which they soon replaced with the more modern waterwheel. An Alexandrian invention dating from the Ptolemaic era, the waterwheel had spread across the Mediterranean where it was used for agricultural work until the Roman era when its design was developed for use in a variety of fields including mining. Hundreds of waterwheels were used to lift water out of Roman mines.This paper raises a number of questions regarding how the waterwheel was used in mines, how giant machinery was transported into the mine, what was the mechanism for operating them once they were inside, were they similar to agricultural waterwheels (which relied on either water pressure or human and/or animal power), and when and why the Romans started using them.In the absence of primary sources dealing with the topic, research relies on various theories proposed following excavations in which mines were discovered at various points in history. The writer outlines the history of these discoveries and undertakes a comparative study of the theories proposed in order to reach the most plausible explanation. The paper follows the following scheme:1-Introducing and describing the waterwheel as defined by the Roman engineer Vitruvius;2-Surveying the discoveries and presenting the theories that were proposed at the time they were made over the centuries; and3-Surveying modern discoveries and comparing them to older ones.https://mjaf.journals.ekb.eg/article_136410.htmlroman mine; water wheel; rio tinto- dola cothi |
| spellingShingle | Heba Al Nahas the use of water wheels for draining ground water in roman mines Journal of Architecture, Art & Humanistic Science roman mine; water wheel; rio tinto- dola cothi |
| title | the use of water wheels for draining ground water in roman mines |
| title_full | the use of water wheels for draining ground water in roman mines |
| title_fullStr | the use of water wheels for draining ground water in roman mines |
| title_full_unstemmed | the use of water wheels for draining ground water in roman mines |
| title_short | the use of water wheels for draining ground water in roman mines |
| title_sort | use of water wheels for draining ground water in roman mines |
| topic | roman mine; water wheel; rio tinto- dola cothi |
| url | https://mjaf.journals.ekb.eg/article_136410.html |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hebaalnahas theuseofwaterwheelsfordraininggroundwaterinromanmines AT hebaalnahas useofwaterwheelsfordraininggroundwaterinromanmines |