Gastro-Resistant Microparticles Produced by Spray-Drying as Controlled Release Systems for Liposoluble Vitamins
In the present study, gastro-resistant microparticles (MPs) were produced using the spray-drying technique as controlled-release systems for some model liposoluble vitamins, including retinyl-palmitate, retinyl-acetate, β-carotene, cholecalciferol and α-tocopherol. The gastroprotective action of thr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/7/1480 |
| _version_ | 1827627320276418560 |
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| author | Francesca Terracina Roberto Caruana Francesco Paolo Bonomo Francesco Montalbano Mariano Licciardi |
| author_facet | Francesca Terracina Roberto Caruana Francesco Paolo Bonomo Francesco Montalbano Mariano Licciardi |
| author_sort | Francesca Terracina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the present study, gastro-resistant microparticles (MPs) were produced using the spray-drying technique as controlled-release systems for some model liposoluble vitamins, including retinyl-palmitate, retinyl-acetate, β-carotene, cholecalciferol and α-tocopherol. The gastroprotective action of three different gastro-resistant excipients, the anionic methacrylic copolymer (Eudraguard<sup>®®</sup> Biotic, E1207), the cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) and whey proteins (WPs), was compared. The latter was used to produce a novel delivery system manufactured with only food-derived components, such as milk, and showed several improvements over the two synthetic gastro-resistant agents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed a quite homogeneous spherical shape of all microparticle batches, with an average diameter between 7 and 15 μm. FTIR analysis was used to evaluate the effective incorporation of vitamins within the microparticles and the absence of any degradation to the components of the formulation. The comparison graphs of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed that the spray drying technique generates a solid in which the physical interactions between the excipients and the vitamins are very strong. Release studies showed a prominent pH-controlled release and partially a delayed-release profile. Ex vivo permeation studies of retinyl palmitate, retinyl acetate and α-tocopherol revealed greater transmucosal permeation capacity for microparticles produced with the WPs and milk. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:10:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7eea78ac5ef3481ca259c655ec9163fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:10:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-7eea78ac5ef3481ca259c655ec9163fb2023-11-30T21:42:25ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232022-07-01147148010.3390/pharmaceutics14071480Gastro-Resistant Microparticles Produced by Spray-Drying as Controlled Release Systems for Liposoluble VitaminsFrancesca Terracina0Roberto Caruana1Francesco Paolo Bonomo2Francesco Montalbano3Mariano Licciardi4Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, ItalyTechnology Scientific S.r.l., Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 18, 90128 Palermo, ItalyAdvanced Technologies Network Center (ATeN Center), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100 Palermo, ItalyTechnology Scientific S.r.l., Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 18, 90128 Palermo, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, ItalyIn the present study, gastro-resistant microparticles (MPs) were produced using the spray-drying technique as controlled-release systems for some model liposoluble vitamins, including retinyl-palmitate, retinyl-acetate, β-carotene, cholecalciferol and α-tocopherol. The gastroprotective action of three different gastro-resistant excipients, the anionic methacrylic copolymer (Eudraguard<sup>®®</sup> Biotic, E1207), the cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) and whey proteins (WPs), was compared. The latter was used to produce a novel delivery system manufactured with only food-derived components, such as milk, and showed several improvements over the two synthetic gastro-resistant agents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed a quite homogeneous spherical shape of all microparticle batches, with an average diameter between 7 and 15 μm. FTIR analysis was used to evaluate the effective incorporation of vitamins within the microparticles and the absence of any degradation to the components of the formulation. The comparison graphs of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed that the spray drying technique generates a solid in which the physical interactions between the excipients and the vitamins are very strong. Release studies showed a prominent pH-controlled release and partially a delayed-release profile. Ex vivo permeation studies of retinyl palmitate, retinyl acetate and α-tocopherol revealed greater transmucosal permeation capacity for microparticles produced with the WPs and milk.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/7/1480gastro-resistant microparticlesvitaminsspray-dryingwhey proteinsEudraguardcellulose acetate phthalate |
| spellingShingle | Francesca Terracina Roberto Caruana Francesco Paolo Bonomo Francesco Montalbano Mariano Licciardi Gastro-Resistant Microparticles Produced by Spray-Drying as Controlled Release Systems for Liposoluble Vitamins Pharmaceutics gastro-resistant microparticles vitamins spray-drying whey proteins Eudraguard cellulose acetate phthalate |
| title | Gastro-Resistant Microparticles Produced by Spray-Drying as Controlled Release Systems for Liposoluble Vitamins |
| title_full | Gastro-Resistant Microparticles Produced by Spray-Drying as Controlled Release Systems for Liposoluble Vitamins |
| title_fullStr | Gastro-Resistant Microparticles Produced by Spray-Drying as Controlled Release Systems for Liposoluble Vitamins |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gastro-Resistant Microparticles Produced by Spray-Drying as Controlled Release Systems for Liposoluble Vitamins |
| title_short | Gastro-Resistant Microparticles Produced by Spray-Drying as Controlled Release Systems for Liposoluble Vitamins |
| title_sort | gastro resistant microparticles produced by spray drying as controlled release systems for liposoluble vitamins |
| topic | gastro-resistant microparticles vitamins spray-drying whey proteins Eudraguard cellulose acetate phthalate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/7/1480 |
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