Assessment of Three-Dimensional Interpolation Method in Hydrologic Analysis in the East China Sea
The water mass in the East China Sea (ECS) shelf has a complicated three-dimensional (3D) hydrologic structure. However, previous studies mostly concentrated on the sea surface based on the sparse in situ and incomplete satellite-derived observations. Therefore, the 3D interpolation technology was i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/7/877 |
| _version_ | 1827596898090876928 |
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| author | Yuchun Gao Junting Guo Jianfeng Wang Xianqing Lv |
| author_facet | Yuchun Gao Junting Guo Jianfeng Wang Xianqing Lv |
| author_sort | Yuchun Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The water mass in the East China Sea (ECS) shelf has a complicated three-dimensional (3D) hydrologic structure. However, previous studies mostly concentrated on the sea surface based on the sparse in situ and incomplete satellite-derived observations. Therefore, the 3D interpolation technology was introduced for the reconstruction of hydrologic structure in the ECS shelf using in situ temperature and salinity observations in the summer and autumn of 2010 to 2011. Considering the high accuracy and good fitness of the radial basis function (RBF) methods, we applied the RBF methods to the in situ observations to completely reconstruct the 3D hydrologic fields. Other 3D interpolation methods and 2D methods were also tested for a comparison. The cubic and thin plate spline RBFs were recommended because their mean absolute error (MAE) in the 10-fold cross-validation experiments maintained the order of ~10<sup>−2</sup>. The 3D RBF reconstructions showed a reasonable 3D hydrologic structure and extra details of the water masses in the ECS shelf. It also helps evaluate regional satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST). Comparisons between the interpolated and satellite-derived SST indicates that the large bias of satellite-derived SST in the daytime corresponds to weak mixing during low-speed wind and shows seasonal variation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:18:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7eeee465eaf54088a650166a227d613f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:18:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-7eeee465eaf54088a650166a227d613f2023-12-03T15:14:39ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122022-06-0110787710.3390/jmse10070877Assessment of Three-Dimensional Interpolation Method in Hydrologic Analysis in the East China SeaYuchun Gao0Junting Guo1Jianfeng Wang2Xianqing Lv3Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System (FDOMES), Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaFrontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System (FDOMES), Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaQingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, ChinaFrontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System (FDOMES), Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaThe water mass in the East China Sea (ECS) shelf has a complicated three-dimensional (3D) hydrologic structure. However, previous studies mostly concentrated on the sea surface based on the sparse in situ and incomplete satellite-derived observations. Therefore, the 3D interpolation technology was introduced for the reconstruction of hydrologic structure in the ECS shelf using in situ temperature and salinity observations in the summer and autumn of 2010 to 2011. Considering the high accuracy and good fitness of the radial basis function (RBF) methods, we applied the RBF methods to the in situ observations to completely reconstruct the 3D hydrologic fields. Other 3D interpolation methods and 2D methods were also tested for a comparison. The cubic and thin plate spline RBFs were recommended because their mean absolute error (MAE) in the 10-fold cross-validation experiments maintained the order of ~10<sup>−2</sup>. The 3D RBF reconstructions showed a reasonable 3D hydrologic structure and extra details of the water masses in the ECS shelf. It also helps evaluate regional satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST). Comparisons between the interpolated and satellite-derived SST indicates that the large bias of satellite-derived SST in the daytime corresponds to weak mixing during low-speed wind and shows seasonal variation.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/7/8773D RBF interpolationcross-validationtemperature and salinityEast China Seasea surface temperature |
| spellingShingle | Yuchun Gao Junting Guo Jianfeng Wang Xianqing Lv Assessment of Three-Dimensional Interpolation Method in Hydrologic Analysis in the East China Sea Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 3D RBF interpolation cross-validation temperature and salinity East China Sea sea surface temperature |
| title | Assessment of Three-Dimensional Interpolation Method in Hydrologic Analysis in the East China Sea |
| title_full | Assessment of Three-Dimensional Interpolation Method in Hydrologic Analysis in the East China Sea |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Three-Dimensional Interpolation Method in Hydrologic Analysis in the East China Sea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Three-Dimensional Interpolation Method in Hydrologic Analysis in the East China Sea |
| title_short | Assessment of Three-Dimensional Interpolation Method in Hydrologic Analysis in the East China Sea |
| title_sort | assessment of three dimensional interpolation method in hydrologic analysis in the east china sea |
| topic | 3D RBF interpolation cross-validation temperature and salinity East China Sea sea surface temperature |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/7/877 |
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