Cervical Artery Dissection and Patent Foramen Ovale in Juvenile Stroke: Causality or Casuality? A Familiar Case Report
Cervical artery dissection (CAD) and Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) are important causes of stroke in young patients. Although PFO is considered an independent risk factor for cerebral infarction in young adults with cryptogenic stroke, other concomitant causes may be necessary to cause brain injury. PF...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Medical Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/11/2/34 |
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| author | Francesca Antonia Arcadi Rosa Morabito Silvia Marino Caterina Formica Rocco Salvatore Calabrò |
| author_facet | Francesca Antonia Arcadi Rosa Morabito Silvia Marino Caterina Formica Rocco Salvatore Calabrò |
| author_sort | Francesca Antonia Arcadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cervical artery dissection (CAD) and Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) are important causes of stroke in young patients. Although PFO is considered an independent risk factor for cerebral infarction in young adults with cryptogenic stroke, other concomitant causes may be necessary to cause brain injury. PFO could be a predisposing factor of stroke through several mechanisms including paradoxical embolism from a venous source, thrombus formation in atrial septum, or atrial arrhythmias causing cerebral thromboembolism. The pathophysiology of CAD is poorly understood and includes both constitutional and environmental factors. A causal association is often difficult to establish, as other predisposing factors may also play a role in CAD etiopathogenesis. We present a family with ischemic stroke (a father and his three daughters), in which the two different stroke causes are present. We hypothesized that a paradoxical embolism caused by PFO, associated with arterial wall disease, in the presence of a procoagulant state, could produce arterial dissection and then stroke. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:10:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7ef772eb2ace4347bc55288c86471034 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3271 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:10:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7ef772eb2ace4347bc55288c864710342023-11-18T11:32:52ZengMDPI AGMedical Sciences2076-32712023-05-011123410.3390/medsci11020034Cervical Artery Dissection and Patent Foramen Ovale in Juvenile Stroke: Causality or Casuality? A Familiar Case ReportFrancesca Antonia Arcadi0Rosa Morabito1Silvia Marino2Caterina Formica3Rocco Salvatore Calabrò4IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino Pulejo”, S.S. 113, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, ItalyIRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino Pulejo”, S.S. 113, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, ItalyIRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino Pulejo”, S.S. 113, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, ItalyIRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino Pulejo”, S.S. 113, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, ItalyIRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino Pulejo”, S.S. 113, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, ItalyCervical artery dissection (CAD) and Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) are important causes of stroke in young patients. Although PFO is considered an independent risk factor for cerebral infarction in young adults with cryptogenic stroke, other concomitant causes may be necessary to cause brain injury. PFO could be a predisposing factor of stroke through several mechanisms including paradoxical embolism from a venous source, thrombus formation in atrial septum, or atrial arrhythmias causing cerebral thromboembolism. The pathophysiology of CAD is poorly understood and includes both constitutional and environmental factors. A causal association is often difficult to establish, as other predisposing factors may also play a role in CAD etiopathogenesis. We present a family with ischemic stroke (a father and his three daughters), in which the two different stroke causes are present. We hypothesized that a paradoxical embolism caused by PFO, associated with arterial wall disease, in the presence of a procoagulant state, could produce arterial dissection and then stroke.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/11/2/34cervical artery dissectionpatent foramen ovalejuvenile strokecryptogenic |
| spellingShingle | Francesca Antonia Arcadi Rosa Morabito Silvia Marino Caterina Formica Rocco Salvatore Calabrò Cervical Artery Dissection and Patent Foramen Ovale in Juvenile Stroke: Causality or Casuality? A Familiar Case Report Medical Sciences cervical artery dissection patent foramen ovale juvenile stroke cryptogenic |
| title | Cervical Artery Dissection and Patent Foramen Ovale in Juvenile Stroke: Causality or Casuality? A Familiar Case Report |
| title_full | Cervical Artery Dissection and Patent Foramen Ovale in Juvenile Stroke: Causality or Casuality? A Familiar Case Report |
| title_fullStr | Cervical Artery Dissection and Patent Foramen Ovale in Juvenile Stroke: Causality or Casuality? A Familiar Case Report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cervical Artery Dissection and Patent Foramen Ovale in Juvenile Stroke: Causality or Casuality? A Familiar Case Report |
| title_short | Cervical Artery Dissection and Patent Foramen Ovale in Juvenile Stroke: Causality or Casuality? A Familiar Case Report |
| title_sort | cervical artery dissection and patent foramen ovale in juvenile stroke causality or casuality a familiar case report |
| topic | cervical artery dissection patent foramen ovale juvenile stroke cryptogenic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/11/2/34 |
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