Evaluation of Transplanting Date and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Adapted by Farmers to Toposequential Variation ofEnvironmental Resources in a Mini-Watershed (Nong) in Northeast Thailand
Environmental resources for rainfed rice production show large variability even within a small area in Northeast Thailand, and it is said that farmer’s management is well adapted to the variability. This study evaluated transplanting date and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate in the management to improve...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2007-01-01
|
| Series: | Plant Production Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/pps.10.488 |
| _version_ | 1818962927476015104 |
|---|---|
| author | Koki Homma Takeshi Horie Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa Nopporn Supapoj |
| author_facet | Koki Homma Takeshi Horie Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa Nopporn Supapoj |
| author_sort | Koki Homma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Environmental resources for rainfed rice production show large variability even within a small area in Northeast Thailand, and it is said that farmer’s management is well adapted to the variability. This study evaluated transplanting date and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate in the management to improve rice productivity. The effect of transplanting date and N fertilizer rate on rice productivity was analyzed by investigating rice growth, and also by dividing rainfed rice fields located in a mini-watershed into 4 subecosystems: (1) medium deep water, waterlogged (MDW), (2) shallow water, favorable (SWf), (3) shallow water, drought- and submergence-prone (SWds), and (4) shallow water, drought-prone (SWd). Rice grew at almost a constant rate until maturity and the growth rate was higher at a lower field. The difference in productivity was derived from not only a water condition but also soil fertility, and was associated with the rate of N uptake. Small leaf area index was found to be one of the causes for low productivity in rice. Statistic analysis showed that earlier transplanting increased biomass production in all subecosystems. The biomass-increase resulted in a higher yield in SWds and SWd fields while it resulted in a reduced harvest index (HI) and did not increase yield in MDW and SWf fields. The effect of N fertilizer was apparent in the field where rice biomass was small due to later transplanting or unfertile soil, but the effect was generally small. Earlier transplanting in upper fields and later transplanting in lower fields in mini-watersheds were suggested to improve rice production, and proper distribution of N fertilizer use is considered necessary. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T12:37:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f09317870b74459bed5f7021acb2931 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1343-943X 1349-1008 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T12:37:06Z |
| publishDate | 2007-01-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plant Production Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f09317870b74459bed5f7021acb29312022-12-21T19:40:35ZengTaylor & Francis GroupPlant Production Science1343-943X1349-10082007-01-0110448849610.1626/pps.10.488111644980Evaluation of Transplanting Date and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Adapted by Farmers to Toposequential Variation ofEnvironmental Resources in a Mini-Watershed (Nong) in Northeast ThailandKoki Homma0Takeshi Horie1Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa2Nopporn Supapoj3Kyoto UniversityKyoto UniversityKyoto UniversityUbon Rice ResearchEnvironmental resources for rainfed rice production show large variability even within a small area in Northeast Thailand, and it is said that farmer’s management is well adapted to the variability. This study evaluated transplanting date and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate in the management to improve rice productivity. The effect of transplanting date and N fertilizer rate on rice productivity was analyzed by investigating rice growth, and also by dividing rainfed rice fields located in a mini-watershed into 4 subecosystems: (1) medium deep water, waterlogged (MDW), (2) shallow water, favorable (SWf), (3) shallow water, drought- and submergence-prone (SWds), and (4) shallow water, drought-prone (SWd). Rice grew at almost a constant rate until maturity and the growth rate was higher at a lower field. The difference in productivity was derived from not only a water condition but also soil fertility, and was associated with the rate of N uptake. Small leaf area index was found to be one of the causes for low productivity in rice. Statistic analysis showed that earlier transplanting increased biomass production in all subecosystems. The biomass-increase resulted in a higher yield in SWds and SWd fields while it resulted in a reduced harvest index (HI) and did not increase yield in MDW and SWf fields. The effect of N fertilizer was apparent in the field where rice biomass was small due to later transplanting or unfertile soil, but the effect was generally small. Earlier transplanting in upper fields and later transplanting in lower fields in mini-watersheds were suggested to improve rice production, and proper distribution of N fertilizer use is considered necessary.http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/pps.10.488Farmer's managementRainfed riceRice grothSoil fertilitySubecosystemWater availability |
| spellingShingle | Koki Homma Takeshi Horie Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa Nopporn Supapoj Evaluation of Transplanting Date and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Adapted by Farmers to Toposequential Variation ofEnvironmental Resources in a Mini-Watershed (Nong) in Northeast Thailand Plant Production Science Farmer's management Rainfed rice Rice groth Soil fertility Subecosystem Water availability |
| title | Evaluation of Transplanting Date and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Adapted by Farmers to Toposequential Variation ofEnvironmental Resources in a Mini-Watershed (Nong) in Northeast Thailand |
| title_full | Evaluation of Transplanting Date and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Adapted by Farmers to Toposequential Variation ofEnvironmental Resources in a Mini-Watershed (Nong) in Northeast Thailand |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Transplanting Date and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Adapted by Farmers to Toposequential Variation ofEnvironmental Resources in a Mini-Watershed (Nong) in Northeast Thailand |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Transplanting Date and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Adapted by Farmers to Toposequential Variation ofEnvironmental Resources in a Mini-Watershed (Nong) in Northeast Thailand |
| title_short | Evaluation of Transplanting Date and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Adapted by Farmers to Toposequential Variation ofEnvironmental Resources in a Mini-Watershed (Nong) in Northeast Thailand |
| title_sort | evaluation of transplanting date and nitrogen fertilizer rate adapted by farmers to toposequential variation ofenvironmental resources in a mini watershed nong in northeast thailand |
| topic | Farmer's management Rainfed rice Rice groth Soil fertility Subecosystem Water availability |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/pps.10.488 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kokihomma evaluationoftransplantingdateandnitrogenfertilizerrateadaptedbyfarmerstotoposequentialvariationofenvironmentalresourcesinaminiwatershednonginnortheastthailand AT takeshihorie evaluationoftransplantingdateandnitrogenfertilizerrateadaptedbyfarmerstotoposequentialvariationofenvironmentalresourcesinaminiwatershednonginnortheastthailand AT tatsuhikoshiraiwa evaluationoftransplantingdateandnitrogenfertilizerrateadaptedbyfarmerstotoposequentialvariationofenvironmentalresourcesinaminiwatershednonginnortheastthailand AT noppornsupapoj evaluationoftransplantingdateandnitrogenfertilizerrateadaptedbyfarmerstotoposequentialvariationofenvironmentalresourcesinaminiwatershednonginnortheastthailand |