Performance Study of Tube Settlers in Removing Low Turbidity From The Tigris River Water Using a Bench Scale Model
The current research aims to evaluate the efficiency of tube settlers in removing low turbidity of Tigris River water in Mosul city, then comparing the results with the conventional settler. Laboratory model for tube settler is designed and manufactured for conducting the experiments. The model cons...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tikrit University
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://tj-es.com/ojs/index.php/tjes/article/view/19 |
| _version_ | 1797782967306682368 |
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| author | Abdulmuhsin S. Shihab Aladdin M. Ahmad |
| author_facet | Abdulmuhsin S. Shihab Aladdin M. Ahmad |
| author_sort | Abdulmuhsin S. Shihab |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The current research aims to evaluate the efficiency of tube settlers in removing low turbidity of Tigris River water in Mosul city, then comparing the results with the conventional settler. Laboratory model for tube settler is designed and manufactured for conducting the experiments. The model consists of a coagulation and flocculation basin containing a mixer. This basin is connected with water fixing level basin which is used to obtain a uniform flow in the model. This basin is followed by another one which is called pre-tube settler basin. After that came the tube settler unit. It consists from 4 tubes of square section and 4 x 4 cm2 in dimension and manufactured at five levels of inclination angle: 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 degrees. These tubes are manufactured at 40 cm in length and their length can be increased by connecting additional pieces with a length of 20 cm to obtain the studied length levels: 60, 80, 100 and 120 cm. Alum is added as a coagulant with six levels at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25mg/L. At the same time, another model was designed and manufactured for conventional settler from glass for making experiments parallel to the tube settler and compare the results between them. The initial turbidity of raw water ranged from 20-29 NTU during the study period. Turbidity removal percent was used as an indicator of tube settler efficiency. The highest turbidity removal percent reached 80.53% with an effluent turbidity of 5.1 NTU at 120 cm length,15 mg/L alum dose and 60° inclination angle. The results showed an increase in turbidity removal percent with increasing the tube length at all levels of the inclination angle and alum dose. The tube settler exceeds the conventional one by 20-30% in removing percent of low turbidity within the range of 20-29 NTU of the Tigris River water. Additionally, the short detention time of tube settlers compared with the conventional one can be utilized to increase the production of the plant. This can be achieved by installing modular tube settler units in the sedimentation tanks of the old water treatment plants.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:19:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f0c6c55ab994521ad9417e0097ca95d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1813-162X 2312-7589 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:19:25Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Tikrit University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f0c6c55ab994521ad9417e0097ca95d2023-07-11T18:12:02ZengTikrit UniversityTikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences1813-162X2312-75892020-12-0127410.25130/tjes.27.4.01Performance Study of Tube Settlers in Removing Low Turbidity From The Tigris River Water Using a Bench Scale ModelAbdulmuhsin S. Shihab0Aladdin M. Ahmad11Environmental Research Center, University of Mosul, Iraq2Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering / University of Mosul, IraqThe current research aims to evaluate the efficiency of tube settlers in removing low turbidity of Tigris River water in Mosul city, then comparing the results with the conventional settler. Laboratory model for tube settler is designed and manufactured for conducting the experiments. The model consists of a coagulation and flocculation basin containing a mixer. This basin is connected with water fixing level basin which is used to obtain a uniform flow in the model. This basin is followed by another one which is called pre-tube settler basin. After that came the tube settler unit. It consists from 4 tubes of square section and 4 x 4 cm2 in dimension and manufactured at five levels of inclination angle: 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 degrees. These tubes are manufactured at 40 cm in length and their length can be increased by connecting additional pieces with a length of 20 cm to obtain the studied length levels: 60, 80, 100 and 120 cm. Alum is added as a coagulant with six levels at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25mg/L. At the same time, another model was designed and manufactured for conventional settler from glass for making experiments parallel to the tube settler and compare the results between them. The initial turbidity of raw water ranged from 20-29 NTU during the study period. Turbidity removal percent was used as an indicator of tube settler efficiency. The highest turbidity removal percent reached 80.53% with an effluent turbidity of 5.1 NTU at 120 cm length,15 mg/L alum dose and 60° inclination angle. The results showed an increase in turbidity removal percent with increasing the tube length at all levels of the inclination angle and alum dose. The tube settler exceeds the conventional one by 20-30% in removing percent of low turbidity within the range of 20-29 NTU of the Tigris River water. Additionally, the short detention time of tube settlers compared with the conventional one can be utilized to increase the production of the plant. This can be achieved by installing modular tube settler units in the sedimentation tanks of the old water treatment plants. https://tj-es.com/ojs/index.php/tjes/article/view/19Tube settlersTurbidityTube lengthRelative lengthAlum doseInclination angle |
| spellingShingle | Abdulmuhsin S. Shihab Aladdin M. Ahmad Performance Study of Tube Settlers in Removing Low Turbidity From The Tigris River Water Using a Bench Scale Model Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences Tube settlers Turbidity Tube length Relative length Alum dose Inclination angle |
| title | Performance Study of Tube Settlers in Removing Low Turbidity From The Tigris River Water Using a Bench Scale Model |
| title_full | Performance Study of Tube Settlers in Removing Low Turbidity From The Tigris River Water Using a Bench Scale Model |
| title_fullStr | Performance Study of Tube Settlers in Removing Low Turbidity From The Tigris River Water Using a Bench Scale Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance Study of Tube Settlers in Removing Low Turbidity From The Tigris River Water Using a Bench Scale Model |
| title_short | Performance Study of Tube Settlers in Removing Low Turbidity From The Tigris River Water Using a Bench Scale Model |
| title_sort | performance study of tube settlers in removing low turbidity from the tigris river water using a bench scale model |
| topic | Tube settlers Turbidity Tube length Relative length Alum dose Inclination angle |
| url | https://tj-es.com/ojs/index.php/tjes/article/view/19 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT abdulmuhsinsshihab performancestudyoftubesettlersinremovinglowturbidityfromthetigrisriverwaterusingabenchscalemodel AT aladdinmahmad performancestudyoftubesettlersinremovinglowturbidityfromthetigrisriverwaterusingabenchscalemodel |