Cavitation bubble structures below a soft boundary in an ultrasonic field
We studied the layer structure of bubbles just below water/air and water/EPE (Expand aple poly ephylene) interfaces using high-speed photography. The layer structure was generated by floating spherical clusters, the source bubbles of which were identified to come from the attachment of bubble nuclei...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417723002122 |
| _version_ | 1797754032635248640 |
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| author | Fan Li Chenyang Huang Xianmei Zhang Chenghui Wang Jing Hu Shi Chen Hua Tian Zhuangzhi Shen Jianzhong Guo Shuyu Lin |
| author_facet | Fan Li Chenyang Huang Xianmei Zhang Chenghui Wang Jing Hu Shi Chen Hua Tian Zhuangzhi Shen Jianzhong Guo Shuyu Lin |
| author_sort | Fan Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We studied the layer structure of bubbles just below water/air and water/EPE (Expand aple poly ephylene) interfaces using high-speed photography. The layer structure was generated by floating spherical clusters, the source bubbles of which were identified to come from the attachment of bubble nuclei at the interface, the floating of bubbles in the bulk liquid, or bubbles generated on the surface of the ultrasonic transducer. The boundary shape affected the layer structure, which assumed a similar profile below the water/EPE interface. We developed a simplified model composed of a bubble column and bubble chain to describe interface impacts and the interaction of bubbles in a typical branching structure. We found that the resonant frequency of the bubbles is smaller than that of an isolated single bubble. Moreover, the primary acoustic field plays an important role in the generation of the structure. A higher acoustic frequency and pressure were found to shorten the distance between the structure and the interface. A hat-like layer structure of bubbles was more likely to exist in the low-frequency (28 and 40 kHz) intense inertial cavitation field, in which bubbles oscillate violently. By contrast, structures composed of discrete spherical clusters were more likely to form in the relatively weak cavitation field at 80 kHz, in which stable and inertial cavitation coexisted. The theoretical predictions were in good agreement with the experimental observations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T17:26:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f215e8c99c340b88c71748ed2ea4714 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1350-4177 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T17:26:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f215e8c99c340b88c71748ed2ea47142023-08-05T05:15:28ZengElsevierUltrasonics Sonochemistry1350-41772023-08-0198106500Cavitation bubble structures below a soft boundary in an ultrasonic fieldFan Li0Chenyang Huang1Xianmei Zhang2Chenghui Wang3Jing Hu4Shi Chen5Hua Tian6Zhuangzhi Shen7Jianzhong Guo8Shuyu Lin9Institute of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, ChinaInstitute of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, ChinaInstitute of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, ChinaCorresponding author.; Institute of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, ChinaInstitute of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, ChinaInstitute of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, ChinaInstitute of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, ChinaInstitute of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, ChinaInstitute of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, ChinaInstitute of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, ChinaWe studied the layer structure of bubbles just below water/air and water/EPE (Expand aple poly ephylene) interfaces using high-speed photography. The layer structure was generated by floating spherical clusters, the source bubbles of which were identified to come from the attachment of bubble nuclei at the interface, the floating of bubbles in the bulk liquid, or bubbles generated on the surface of the ultrasonic transducer. The boundary shape affected the layer structure, which assumed a similar profile below the water/EPE interface. We developed a simplified model composed of a bubble column and bubble chain to describe interface impacts and the interaction of bubbles in a typical branching structure. We found that the resonant frequency of the bubbles is smaller than that of an isolated single bubble. Moreover, the primary acoustic field plays an important role in the generation of the structure. A higher acoustic frequency and pressure were found to shorten the distance between the structure and the interface. A hat-like layer structure of bubbles was more likely to exist in the low-frequency (28 and 40 kHz) intense inertial cavitation field, in which bubbles oscillate violently. By contrast, structures composed of discrete spherical clusters were more likely to form in the relatively weak cavitation field at 80 kHz, in which stable and inertial cavitation coexisted. The theoretical predictions were in good agreement with the experimental observations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417723002122Layer bubble clustersSoft boundaryBjerknes forceBifurcation diagram |
| spellingShingle | Fan Li Chenyang Huang Xianmei Zhang Chenghui Wang Jing Hu Shi Chen Hua Tian Zhuangzhi Shen Jianzhong Guo Shuyu Lin Cavitation bubble structures below a soft boundary in an ultrasonic field Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Layer bubble clusters Soft boundary Bjerknes force Bifurcation diagram |
| title | Cavitation bubble structures below a soft boundary in an ultrasonic field |
| title_full | Cavitation bubble structures below a soft boundary in an ultrasonic field |
| title_fullStr | Cavitation bubble structures below a soft boundary in an ultrasonic field |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cavitation bubble structures below a soft boundary in an ultrasonic field |
| title_short | Cavitation bubble structures below a soft boundary in an ultrasonic field |
| title_sort | cavitation bubble structures below a soft boundary in an ultrasonic field |
| topic | Layer bubble clusters Soft boundary Bjerknes force Bifurcation diagram |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417723002122 |
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