Effects of Bypass Fat on Buffalo Carcass Characteristics, Meat Nutrient Contents and Profitability
The deposition and distribution of buffalo body fats play a vital role in the quality of the buffalo carcass and are of great commercial value, since the carcass quality influences the profitability and consumer acceptability of ruminant meat. The current study examined the effect a mixture of 4% by...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| author | Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi Fhaisol Mat Amin Hafandi Ahmad Norhariani Mohd Nor Goh Yong Meng Mohd Zamri Saad Md Zuki Abu Bakar Punimin Abdullah Agung Irawan Anuraga Jayanegara Hasliza Abu Hassim |
| author_facet | Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi Fhaisol Mat Amin Hafandi Ahmad Norhariani Mohd Nor Goh Yong Meng Mohd Zamri Saad Md Zuki Abu Bakar Punimin Abdullah Agung Irawan Anuraga Jayanegara Hasliza Abu Hassim |
| author_sort | Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The deposition and distribution of buffalo body fats play a vital role in the quality of the buffalo carcass and are of great commercial value, since the carcass quality influences the profitability and consumer acceptability of ruminant meat. The current study examined the effect a mixture of 4% bypass fat and 26% concentrate supplementations in buffalo basal diet had on both the carcass characteristics and the proximate and fatty acid composition in <i>longissimus thoracis et lumborum</i> (LTL), <i>supraspinatus</i> (SS) and <i>semitendinosus</i> (ST) muscles of Murrah cross and swamp buffaloes. In addition, profit and loss analyses were performed to determine the profitability. This study employed a completely randomized 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two diets, two breeds and four replicates per treatment. A total of sixteen buffaloes (eight buffaloes per breed, bodyweight 98.64 ± 1.93 kg) were randomly assigned into two dietary groups. The first group was given Diet A, which consisted of 70% <i>Brachiaria decumbens</i> + 30% concentrate, whereas the second group was given Diet B, which consisted of 70% <i>Brachiaria decumbens</i> + 26% concentrate + 4% bypass fat. The buffaloes were fed for 730 days before slaughter. The results showed that supplemented bypass fat significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increased the pre-slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weights, meat:fat ratio, pH at 24 h, moisture and crude protein of LTL, ST and SS, the ether extract of LTL and ST and the meat fatty acid of C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, PUFA n-6/n-3 and total MUFA. The carcass yield and carcass fat percentages, the ash content in ST, the EE in the SS muscle and the meat fatty acid of C18:3, total PUFA n-3, UFA/SFA and PUFA/SFA were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) decreased. Furthermore, Murrah cross showed a significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher pre-slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weights, carcass bone percentage and total fatty acid, but a lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) meat:bone ratio, ash of LTL and CP of LTL and ST when compared to swamp buffaloes. No significant changes were found in the proximate composition of different types of muscle, but the ST muscle revealed significantly high C14:0, C16:0 and C18:1, and the SS muscle had high C18:2 and total fatty acid (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Supplementing using bypass fat increased the cost of buffalo feeding but resulted in a higher revenue and net profit. In conclusion, the concentrate and bypass fat supplementations in the buffalo diet could alter the nutrient compositions of buffalo meat without a detrimental effect on carcass characteristics, leading to a higher profit. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:47:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f2b8e6b881548ac8079d52f84c759782023-11-22T22:05:39ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-10-011111304210.3390/ani11113042Effects of Bypass Fat on Buffalo Carcass Characteristics, Meat Nutrient Contents and ProfitabilityAmirul Faiz Mohd Azmi0Fhaisol Mat Amin1Hafandi Ahmad2Norhariani Mohd Nor3Goh Yong Meng4Mohd Zamri Saad5Md Zuki Abu Bakar6Punimin Abdullah7Agung Irawan8Anuraga Jayanegara9Hasliza Abu Hassim10Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, MalaysiaVocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta 57126, IndonesiaAnimal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaDepartment of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaThe deposition and distribution of buffalo body fats play a vital role in the quality of the buffalo carcass and are of great commercial value, since the carcass quality influences the profitability and consumer acceptability of ruminant meat. The current study examined the effect a mixture of 4% bypass fat and 26% concentrate supplementations in buffalo basal diet had on both the carcass characteristics and the proximate and fatty acid composition in <i>longissimus thoracis et lumborum</i> (LTL), <i>supraspinatus</i> (SS) and <i>semitendinosus</i> (ST) muscles of Murrah cross and swamp buffaloes. In addition, profit and loss analyses were performed to determine the profitability. This study employed a completely randomized 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two diets, two breeds and four replicates per treatment. A total of sixteen buffaloes (eight buffaloes per breed, bodyweight 98.64 ± 1.93 kg) were randomly assigned into two dietary groups. The first group was given Diet A, which consisted of 70% <i>Brachiaria decumbens</i> + 30% concentrate, whereas the second group was given Diet B, which consisted of 70% <i>Brachiaria decumbens</i> + 26% concentrate + 4% bypass fat. The buffaloes were fed for 730 days before slaughter. The results showed that supplemented bypass fat significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increased the pre-slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weights, meat:fat ratio, pH at 24 h, moisture and crude protein of LTL, ST and SS, the ether extract of LTL and ST and the meat fatty acid of C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, PUFA n-6/n-3 and total MUFA. The carcass yield and carcass fat percentages, the ash content in ST, the EE in the SS muscle and the meat fatty acid of C18:3, total PUFA n-3, UFA/SFA and PUFA/SFA were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) decreased. Furthermore, Murrah cross showed a significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher pre-slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weights, carcass bone percentage and total fatty acid, but a lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) meat:bone ratio, ash of LTL and CP of LTL and ST when compared to swamp buffaloes. No significant changes were found in the proximate composition of different types of muscle, but the ST muscle revealed significantly high C14:0, C16:0 and C18:1, and the SS muscle had high C18:2 and total fatty acid (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Supplementing using bypass fat increased the cost of buffalo feeding but resulted in a higher revenue and net profit. In conclusion, the concentrate and bypass fat supplementations in the buffalo diet could alter the nutrient compositions of buffalo meat without a detrimental effect on carcass characteristics, leading to a higher profit.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3042buffalocarcasscostsmeatsupplementation |
| spellingShingle | Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi Fhaisol Mat Amin Hafandi Ahmad Norhariani Mohd Nor Goh Yong Meng Mohd Zamri Saad Md Zuki Abu Bakar Punimin Abdullah Agung Irawan Anuraga Jayanegara Hasliza Abu Hassim Effects of Bypass Fat on Buffalo Carcass Characteristics, Meat Nutrient Contents and Profitability Animals buffalo carcass costs meat supplementation |
| title | Effects of Bypass Fat on Buffalo Carcass Characteristics, Meat Nutrient Contents and Profitability |
| title_full | Effects of Bypass Fat on Buffalo Carcass Characteristics, Meat Nutrient Contents and Profitability |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Bypass Fat on Buffalo Carcass Characteristics, Meat Nutrient Contents and Profitability |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Bypass Fat on Buffalo Carcass Characteristics, Meat Nutrient Contents and Profitability |
| title_short | Effects of Bypass Fat on Buffalo Carcass Characteristics, Meat Nutrient Contents and Profitability |
| title_sort | effects of bypass fat on buffalo carcass characteristics meat nutrient contents and profitability |
| topic | buffalo carcass costs meat supplementation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3042 |
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