Effects of Combined High Temperature and Waterlogging Stress at Booting Stage on Root Anatomy of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.)
In recent years, the alternating occurrence of high temperature and waterlogging disasters in South China has seriously reduced the yield of single cropping rice. Studying the changes in anatomical structure of the rice root system could provide theoretical basis for understanding the mechanisms of...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/9/2524 |
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| author | Bo Zhen Huizhen Li Qinglin Niu Husen Qiu Guangli Tian Hongfei Lu Xinguo Zhou |
| author_facet | Bo Zhen Huizhen Li Qinglin Niu Husen Qiu Guangli Tian Hongfei Lu Xinguo Zhou |
| author_sort | Bo Zhen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years, the alternating occurrence of high temperature and waterlogging disasters in South China has seriously reduced the yield of single cropping rice. Studying the changes in anatomical structure of the rice root system could provide theoretical basis for understanding the mechanisms of high temperature and waterlogging stress. To examine interactions between temperature and waterlogging stress, an experiment was set up in a growth chamber consisting of two temperatures (moderate, 30–34 °C and high, 35–38 °C) with three depths of flooding (0–5, 10 and 15 cm). Treatments commenced at the booting stage and lasted five days, after which all treatments were returned to a 0–5 cm flooding depth and the same temperature regime. Observations were made immediately after cessation of treatments, then after 5, 10 and 20 d to test the effect of treatments on subsequent root anatomical development. The low-stress control (0–5 cm, medium temperature) showed no change with time in aerenchyma area, thickness of the outer root, stele diameter, and the number nor diameter of xylem vessels. Root diameter and stele diameter under the high-stress control (0–5 cm, high temperature) were decreased by 29.09% and 15.28%, respectively, at the booting stage, whereas the high stress control (15 cm, high temperature) affected only the vessel diameter, reducing it by 14.11% compared with that in the low-stress control (0–5 cm, medium temperature). Compared to the high-stress control (0–5 cm, high temperature), the interaction of high temperature and waterlogging stress alleviated the inhibiting effect of the changes in the root system, especially after the end of the stress. We thought that waterlogging could reduce the damage of high temperature on rice root growth. Low water depth waterlogging has little effect on rice root system and aerenchyma area root diameter at 0, 5, 10 and 20 d after the stress ended, and the thickness of the outer root, stele diameter and the number and diameter of vessels at 0 d under M15 (15 cm, medium temperature) had no significant difference compared with M5 (0–5 cm, medium temperature). However, the increase in rice root diameter, stele diameter, thickness of the outer root cortex depth and vessel diameter were inhibited under high temperature stress at the booting stage. Root diameter and stele diameter under H5 (0–5 cm, high temperature) were decreased by 29.09% and 15.28%, respectively, at the booting stage, whereas H15 (15 cm, high temperature) affected only the vessel diameter, reducing it by 14.11% compared with that in the M5. Compared to H5, the interaction of high temperature and waterlogging stress alleviated the inhibiting effect of the changes in the root system, especially after the end of the stress. We thought that waterlogging could lighten the damage of high temperature on rice root growth. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:26:31Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-7f348bf1a91a4207b089be4251a28ac22023-11-20T13:10:54ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412020-09-01129252410.3390/w12092524Effects of Combined High Temperature and Waterlogging Stress at Booting Stage on Root Anatomy of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.)Bo Zhen0Huizhen Li1Qinglin Niu2Husen Qiu3Guangli Tian4Hongfei Lu5Xinguo Zhou6Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaFarmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaFarmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaFarmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaFarmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaFarmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaFarmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaIn recent years, the alternating occurrence of high temperature and waterlogging disasters in South China has seriously reduced the yield of single cropping rice. Studying the changes in anatomical structure of the rice root system could provide theoretical basis for understanding the mechanisms of high temperature and waterlogging stress. To examine interactions between temperature and waterlogging stress, an experiment was set up in a growth chamber consisting of two temperatures (moderate, 30–34 °C and high, 35–38 °C) with three depths of flooding (0–5, 10 and 15 cm). Treatments commenced at the booting stage and lasted five days, after which all treatments were returned to a 0–5 cm flooding depth and the same temperature regime. Observations were made immediately after cessation of treatments, then after 5, 10 and 20 d to test the effect of treatments on subsequent root anatomical development. The low-stress control (0–5 cm, medium temperature) showed no change with time in aerenchyma area, thickness of the outer root, stele diameter, and the number nor diameter of xylem vessels. Root diameter and stele diameter under the high-stress control (0–5 cm, high temperature) were decreased by 29.09% and 15.28%, respectively, at the booting stage, whereas the high stress control (15 cm, high temperature) affected only the vessel diameter, reducing it by 14.11% compared with that in the low-stress control (0–5 cm, medium temperature). Compared to the high-stress control (0–5 cm, high temperature), the interaction of high temperature and waterlogging stress alleviated the inhibiting effect of the changes in the root system, especially after the end of the stress. We thought that waterlogging could reduce the damage of high temperature on rice root growth. Low water depth waterlogging has little effect on rice root system and aerenchyma area root diameter at 0, 5, 10 and 20 d after the stress ended, and the thickness of the outer root, stele diameter and the number and diameter of vessels at 0 d under M15 (15 cm, medium temperature) had no significant difference compared with M5 (0–5 cm, medium temperature). However, the increase in rice root diameter, stele diameter, thickness of the outer root cortex depth and vessel diameter were inhibited under high temperature stress at the booting stage. Root diameter and stele diameter under H5 (0–5 cm, high temperature) were decreased by 29.09% and 15.28%, respectively, at the booting stage, whereas H15 (15 cm, high temperature) affected only the vessel diameter, reducing it by 14.11% compared with that in the M5. Compared to H5, the interaction of high temperature and waterlogging stress alleviated the inhibiting effect of the changes in the root system, especially after the end of the stress. We thought that waterlogging could lighten the damage of high temperature on rice root growth.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/9/2524ricehigh temperaturewaterloggingroot anatomical structure |
| spellingShingle | Bo Zhen Huizhen Li Qinglin Niu Husen Qiu Guangli Tian Hongfei Lu Xinguo Zhou Effects of Combined High Temperature and Waterlogging Stress at Booting Stage on Root Anatomy of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Water rice high temperature waterlogging root anatomical structure |
| title | Effects of Combined High Temperature and Waterlogging Stress at Booting Stage on Root Anatomy of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) |
| title_full | Effects of Combined High Temperature and Waterlogging Stress at Booting Stage on Root Anatomy of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Combined High Temperature and Waterlogging Stress at Booting Stage on Root Anatomy of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Combined High Temperature and Waterlogging Stress at Booting Stage on Root Anatomy of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) |
| title_short | Effects of Combined High Temperature and Waterlogging Stress at Booting Stage on Root Anatomy of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) |
| title_sort | effects of combined high temperature and waterlogging stress at booting stage on root anatomy of rice i oryza sativa i l |
| topic | rice high temperature waterlogging root anatomical structure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/9/2524 |
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