Organic Acid Accumulation and Associated Dynamic Changes in Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression during Fruit Development and Ripening of Common Loquat and Its Interspecific Hybrid
Loquats have gained increasing attention from consumers and growers for their essential nutrients and unusual phenology, which could help plug a gap period at market in early spring. Fruit acid is a critical contributor to fruit quality. The dynamic changes in organic acid (OA) during fruit developm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/5/911 |
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| author | Honghong Deng Xuelian Li Yang Wang Qiaoli Ma Yuge Zeng Yinchun Xiang Mingmin Chen Huifen Zhang Hui Xia Dong Liang Xiulan Lv Jin Wang Qunxian Deng |
| author_facet | Honghong Deng Xuelian Li Yang Wang Qiaoli Ma Yuge Zeng Yinchun Xiang Mingmin Chen Huifen Zhang Hui Xia Dong Liang Xiulan Lv Jin Wang Qunxian Deng |
| author_sort | Honghong Deng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Loquats have gained increasing attention from consumers and growers for their essential nutrients and unusual phenology, which could help plug a gap period at market in early spring. Fruit acid is a critical contributor to fruit quality. The dynamic changes in organic acid (OA) during fruit development and ripening of common loquat (Dawuxing, DWX) and its interspecific hybrid (Chunhua, CH) were compared, as well as the corresponding enzyme activity and gene expression. At harvest, titratable acid was significantly lower (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) in CH (0.11%) than in DWX loquats (0.35%). As the predominant OA compound, malic acid accounted for 77.55% and 48.59% of the total acid of DWX and CH loquats at harvest, followed by succinic acid and tartaric acid, respectively. PEPC and NAD-MDH are key enzymes that participate in malic acid metabolism in loquat. The OA differences in DWX loquat and its interspecific hybrid could be attributed to the coordinated regulation of multiple genes and enzymes associated with OA biosynthesis, degradation, and transport. The data obtained in this work will serve as a fundamental and important basis for future loquat breeding programs and even for improvements in loquat cultural practices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:25:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f405b912b2e45cb827d6b0396cca573 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:25:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f405b912b2e45cb827d6b0396cca5732023-11-17T07:39:37ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-02-0112591110.3390/foods12050911Organic Acid Accumulation and Associated Dynamic Changes in Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression during Fruit Development and Ripening of Common Loquat and Its Interspecific HybridHonghong Deng0Xuelian Li1Yang Wang2Qiaoli Ma3Yuge Zeng4Yinchun Xiang5Mingmin Chen6Huifen Zhang7Hui Xia8Dong Liang9Xiulan Lv10Jin Wang11Qunxian Deng12College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaLoquats have gained increasing attention from consumers and growers for their essential nutrients and unusual phenology, which could help plug a gap period at market in early spring. Fruit acid is a critical contributor to fruit quality. The dynamic changes in organic acid (OA) during fruit development and ripening of common loquat (Dawuxing, DWX) and its interspecific hybrid (Chunhua, CH) were compared, as well as the corresponding enzyme activity and gene expression. At harvest, titratable acid was significantly lower (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) in CH (0.11%) than in DWX loquats (0.35%). As the predominant OA compound, malic acid accounted for 77.55% and 48.59% of the total acid of DWX and CH loquats at harvest, followed by succinic acid and tartaric acid, respectively. PEPC and NAD-MDH are key enzymes that participate in malic acid metabolism in loquat. The OA differences in DWX loquat and its interspecific hybrid could be attributed to the coordinated regulation of multiple genes and enzymes associated with OA biosynthesis, degradation, and transport. The data obtained in this work will serve as a fundamental and important basis for future loquat breeding programs and even for improvements in loquat cultural practices.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/5/911loquatorganic acidmetabolismgene expressionenzyme activity |
| spellingShingle | Honghong Deng Xuelian Li Yang Wang Qiaoli Ma Yuge Zeng Yinchun Xiang Mingmin Chen Huifen Zhang Hui Xia Dong Liang Xiulan Lv Jin Wang Qunxian Deng Organic Acid Accumulation and Associated Dynamic Changes in Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression during Fruit Development and Ripening of Common Loquat and Its Interspecific Hybrid Foods loquat organic acid metabolism gene expression enzyme activity |
| title | Organic Acid Accumulation and Associated Dynamic Changes in Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression during Fruit Development and Ripening of Common Loquat and Its Interspecific Hybrid |
| title_full | Organic Acid Accumulation and Associated Dynamic Changes in Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression during Fruit Development and Ripening of Common Loquat and Its Interspecific Hybrid |
| title_fullStr | Organic Acid Accumulation and Associated Dynamic Changes in Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression during Fruit Development and Ripening of Common Loquat and Its Interspecific Hybrid |
| title_full_unstemmed | Organic Acid Accumulation and Associated Dynamic Changes in Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression during Fruit Development and Ripening of Common Loquat and Its Interspecific Hybrid |
| title_short | Organic Acid Accumulation and Associated Dynamic Changes in Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression during Fruit Development and Ripening of Common Loquat and Its Interspecific Hybrid |
| title_sort | organic acid accumulation and associated dynamic changes in enzyme activity and gene expression during fruit development and ripening of common loquat and its interspecific hybrid |
| topic | loquat organic acid metabolism gene expression enzyme activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/5/911 |
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