Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2): SARS-CoV-2 receptor and RAS modulator
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was rapidly identified as the critical functional receptor for SARS-CoV-2. ACE2 is well-known as a counter-regulator of the renin-angiote...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211383520307577 |
| _version_ | 1819128142434926592 |
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| author | Jingwei Bian Zijian Li |
| author_facet | Jingwei Bian Zijian Li |
| author_sort | Jingwei Bian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was rapidly identified as the critical functional receptor for SARS-CoV-2. ACE2 is well-known as a counter-regulator of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and plays a key role in the cardiovascular system. Given that ACE2 functions as both a SARS-CoV-2 receptor and a RAS modulator, the treatment for COVID-19 presents a dilemma of how to limit virus entry but protect ACE2 physiological functions. Thus, an in-depth summary of the recent progress of ACE2 research and its relationship to the virus is urgently needed to provide possible solution to the dilemma. Here, we summarize the complexity and interplay between the coronavirus, ACE2 and RAS (including anti-RAS drugs). We propose five novel working modes for functional receptor for SARS-CoV-2 infection and the routes of ACE2-mediated virus entering host cells, as well as its regulatory mechanism. For the controversy of anti-RAS drugs application, we also give theoretical analysis and discussed for drug application. These will contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms of underlying the relationship between the virus and ACE2, and provide guidance for virus intervention strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T08:23:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f41d1b6a07e4a468613d7809516ce4e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2211-3835 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T08:23:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f41d1b6a07e4a468613d7809516ce4e2022-12-21T18:32:42ZengElsevierActa Pharmaceutica Sinica B2211-38352021-01-01111112Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2): SARS-CoV-2 receptor and RAS modulatorJingwei Bian0Zijian Li1Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 10 82265519.The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was rapidly identified as the critical functional receptor for SARS-CoV-2. ACE2 is well-known as a counter-regulator of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and plays a key role in the cardiovascular system. Given that ACE2 functions as both a SARS-CoV-2 receptor and a RAS modulator, the treatment for COVID-19 presents a dilemma of how to limit virus entry but protect ACE2 physiological functions. Thus, an in-depth summary of the recent progress of ACE2 research and its relationship to the virus is urgently needed to provide possible solution to the dilemma. Here, we summarize the complexity and interplay between the coronavirus, ACE2 and RAS (including anti-RAS drugs). We propose five novel working modes for functional receptor for SARS-CoV-2 infection and the routes of ACE2-mediated virus entering host cells, as well as its regulatory mechanism. For the controversy of anti-RAS drugs application, we also give theoretical analysis and discussed for drug application. These will contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms of underlying the relationship between the virus and ACE2, and provide guidance for virus intervention strategies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211383520307577SARS-CoV-2Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2Renin-angiotensin systemReceptorModulatorCOVID-19 |
| spellingShingle | Jingwei Bian Zijian Li Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2): SARS-CoV-2 receptor and RAS modulator Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B SARS-CoV-2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Renin-angiotensin system Receptor Modulator COVID-19 |
| title | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2): SARS-CoV-2 receptor and RAS modulator |
| title_full | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2): SARS-CoV-2 receptor and RAS modulator |
| title_fullStr | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2): SARS-CoV-2 receptor and RAS modulator |
| title_full_unstemmed | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2): SARS-CoV-2 receptor and RAS modulator |
| title_short | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2): SARS-CoV-2 receptor and RAS modulator |
| title_sort | angiotensin converting enzyme 2 ace2 sars cov 2 receptor and ras modulator |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Renin-angiotensin system Receptor Modulator COVID-19 |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211383520307577 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jingweibian angiotensinconvertingenzyme2ace2sarscov2receptorandrasmodulator AT zijianli angiotensinconvertingenzyme2ace2sarscov2receptorandrasmodulator |