Harmonic Analysis of the Relationship between GNSS Precipitable Water Vapor and Heavy Rainfall over the Northwest Equatorial Coast, Andes, and Amazon Regions
This study finds the relationship between increases in precipitable water vapor (PWV), and intense rainfall events in four different climatological regions of South America’s equatorial northwest: the coast, Andes valley, high mountains, and Amazon. First, the PWV was derived from tropospheric zenit...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Atmosphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/11/1809 |
| _version_ | 1797469136803069952 |
|---|---|
| author | Sheila Serrano-Vincenti Thomas Condom Lenin Campozano León A. Escobar Andrea Walpersdorf David Carchipulla-Morales Marcos Villacís |
| author_facet | Sheila Serrano-Vincenti Thomas Condom Lenin Campozano León A. Escobar Andrea Walpersdorf David Carchipulla-Morales Marcos Villacís |
| author_sort | Sheila Serrano-Vincenti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study finds the relationship between increases in precipitable water vapor (PWV), and intense rainfall events in four different climatological regions of South America’s equatorial northwest: the coast, Andes valley, high mountains, and Amazon. First, the PWV was derived from tropospheric zenith delay measured by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) instrumentation located near meteorological stations within the regions of interest using hourly data from the year 2014. A harmonic analysis approach through continuous wavelet cross-spectrum and coherence, as well as discrete wavelets, was used to determine a measure of the lags found between PWV and specific heavy rain events and then compared with satellite IR images and meteorological anomalies. The link between PWV peaks and rainfall was the most evident on the coast, and less discernible in the other stations possibly due to local dynamic factors. The results showed a lag of 11 h between the preceding PWV increase and an intense rainfall event. This was apparent in all of the stations, except in Amazon where it was 6 h, with the highest precision at the coast and with the largest dispersion in the high mountains. The interpretation of this lag for each region is also discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:17:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f43fab50e9948b895f935d1087b8125 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:17:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f43fab50e9948b895f935d1087b81252023-11-24T03:42:33ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-10-011311180910.3390/atmos13111809Harmonic Analysis of the Relationship between GNSS Precipitable Water Vapor and Heavy Rainfall over the Northwest Equatorial Coast, Andes, and Amazon RegionsSheila Serrano-Vincenti0Thomas Condom1Lenin Campozano2León A. Escobar3Andrea Walpersdorf4David Carchipulla-Morales5Marcos Villacís6Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental, Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales GRICAM, Centro de Investigación en Modelamiento Ambiental CIMA-UPS, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Quito 170105, EcuadorIRD, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut de Geosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38 058 Grenoble, FranceDepartamento de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental & Centro de Investigación y Estudios en Ingeniería de los Recursos Hídricos, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170525, EcuadorHydrological & Meteorological Division, Synaptronics, Columbia, MD 21046, USAUniversity Grenoble Alpes, University Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, University Gustave Eiffel, ISTerre, 38 400 Grenoble, FranceDepartamento de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental & Centro de Investigación y Estudios en Ingeniería de los Recursos Hídricos, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170525, EcuadorDepartamento de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental & Centro de Investigación y Estudios en Ingeniería de los Recursos Hídricos, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170525, EcuadorThis study finds the relationship between increases in precipitable water vapor (PWV), and intense rainfall events in four different climatological regions of South America’s equatorial northwest: the coast, Andes valley, high mountains, and Amazon. First, the PWV was derived from tropospheric zenith delay measured by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) instrumentation located near meteorological stations within the regions of interest using hourly data from the year 2014. A harmonic analysis approach through continuous wavelet cross-spectrum and coherence, as well as discrete wavelets, was used to determine a measure of the lags found between PWV and specific heavy rain events and then compared with satellite IR images and meteorological anomalies. The link between PWV peaks and rainfall was the most evident on the coast, and less discernible in the other stations possibly due to local dynamic factors. The results showed a lag of 11 h between the preceding PWV increase and an intense rainfall event. This was apparent in all of the stations, except in Amazon where it was 6 h, with the highest precision at the coast and with the largest dispersion in the high mountains. The interpretation of this lag for each region is also discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/11/1809precipitable water vapor(ground-based) GNSSheavy rainfall eventsEcuadorwavelet coherencewavelet cross-correlation |
| spellingShingle | Sheila Serrano-Vincenti Thomas Condom Lenin Campozano León A. Escobar Andrea Walpersdorf David Carchipulla-Morales Marcos Villacís Harmonic Analysis of the Relationship between GNSS Precipitable Water Vapor and Heavy Rainfall over the Northwest Equatorial Coast, Andes, and Amazon Regions Atmosphere precipitable water vapor (ground-based) GNSS heavy rainfall events Ecuador wavelet coherence wavelet cross-correlation |
| title | Harmonic Analysis of the Relationship between GNSS Precipitable Water Vapor and Heavy Rainfall over the Northwest Equatorial Coast, Andes, and Amazon Regions |
| title_full | Harmonic Analysis of the Relationship between GNSS Precipitable Water Vapor and Heavy Rainfall over the Northwest Equatorial Coast, Andes, and Amazon Regions |
| title_fullStr | Harmonic Analysis of the Relationship between GNSS Precipitable Water Vapor and Heavy Rainfall over the Northwest Equatorial Coast, Andes, and Amazon Regions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Harmonic Analysis of the Relationship between GNSS Precipitable Water Vapor and Heavy Rainfall over the Northwest Equatorial Coast, Andes, and Amazon Regions |
| title_short | Harmonic Analysis of the Relationship between GNSS Precipitable Water Vapor and Heavy Rainfall over the Northwest Equatorial Coast, Andes, and Amazon Regions |
| title_sort | harmonic analysis of the relationship between gnss precipitable water vapor and heavy rainfall over the northwest equatorial coast andes and amazon regions |
| topic | precipitable water vapor (ground-based) GNSS heavy rainfall events Ecuador wavelet coherence wavelet cross-correlation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/11/1809 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sheilaserranovincenti harmonicanalysisoftherelationshipbetweengnssprecipitablewatervaporandheavyrainfalloverthenorthwestequatorialcoastandesandamazonregions AT thomascondom harmonicanalysisoftherelationshipbetweengnssprecipitablewatervaporandheavyrainfalloverthenorthwestequatorialcoastandesandamazonregions AT lenincampozano harmonicanalysisoftherelationshipbetweengnssprecipitablewatervaporandheavyrainfalloverthenorthwestequatorialcoastandesandamazonregions AT leonaescobar harmonicanalysisoftherelationshipbetweengnssprecipitablewatervaporandheavyrainfalloverthenorthwestequatorialcoastandesandamazonregions AT andreawalpersdorf harmonicanalysisoftherelationshipbetweengnssprecipitablewatervaporandheavyrainfalloverthenorthwestequatorialcoastandesandamazonregions AT davidcarchipullamorales harmonicanalysisoftherelationshipbetweengnssprecipitablewatervaporandheavyrainfalloverthenorthwestequatorialcoastandesandamazonregions AT marcosvillacis harmonicanalysisoftherelationshipbetweengnssprecipitablewatervaporandheavyrainfalloverthenorthwestequatorialcoastandesandamazonregions |