Prevalence of alpha and beta haemolysin among blood group O donors in Bamenda, Cameroon
Background: The occurrence of high titres of alpha (anti-A) and beta (anti-B) haemolysin immunoglobulin G antibodies in blood causes haemolysis during blood transfusion from a group O donor, commonly and inappropriately known as the ‘universal blood donor’, to a group A, B or AB recipient. Surprisin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AOSIS
2022-04-01
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| Series: | African Journal of Laboratory Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/1432 |
| _version_ | 1817982583719329792 |
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| author | Victor N. Fondoh Nobert Ndzenjempuh Tamunjoh Stella Richard M. Fondoh Charles N. Awasom Rebecca Enow-Tanjong Egbe P. Egbengu Robert Leke Njini F.N. Rose Denis Nsame |
| author_facet | Victor N. Fondoh Nobert Ndzenjempuh Tamunjoh Stella Richard M. Fondoh Charles N. Awasom Rebecca Enow-Tanjong Egbe P. Egbengu Robert Leke Njini F.N. Rose Denis Nsame |
| author_sort | Victor N. Fondoh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The occurrence of high titres of alpha (anti-A) and beta (anti-B) haemolysin immunoglobulin G antibodies in blood causes haemolysis during blood transfusion from a group O donor, commonly and inappropriately known as the ‘universal blood donor’, to a group A, B or AB recipient. Surprisingly, haemolysin testing is not routinely done during blood transfusion services in Bamenda, Cameroon.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of haemolysin among blood group ‘O’ donors at the Regional Hospital Bamenda Blood Bank, Bamenda, Cameroon.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out between June and September 2020 at the Regional Hospital Bamenda Blood Bank, Bamenda, Cameroon. Blood group O donors who were free from transfusion-transmissible infections were selected systematically and serially and their serum tested for the presence of haemolysin. Haemolysin titres were determined, and titres ≥ 8 were considered significant. The associations between haemolysin prevalence and age group, gender and Rhesus D blood group were determined using the chi-square test.
Results: The prevalence of haemolysin among the 480 study participants was 52.1% and significant haemolysin titres were detected in 18.5%. There was no association between haemolysin and gender, age group or the Rhesus D blood group.
Conclusion: The prevalence of significant titres of haemolysin among participants in this study was high. There is the need to test for haemolysin in blood group O donors to prevent the potential risk to blood group A, B, and AB recipients and to provide safer blood for transfusion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:22:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f526a71fc30409cb9daa56890bd8bed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2225-2002 2225-2010 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:22:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | AOSIS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | African Journal of Laboratory Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f526a71fc30409cb9daa56890bd8bed2022-12-22T02:25:11ZengAOSISAfrican Journal of Laboratory Medicine2225-20022225-20102022-04-01111e1e610.4102/ajlm.v11i1.1432358Prevalence of alpha and beta haemolysin among blood group O donors in Bamenda, CameroonVictor N. Fondoh0Nobert Ndzenjempuh1Tamunjoh Stella2Richard M. Fondoh3Charles N. Awasom4Rebecca Enow-Tanjong5Egbe P. Egbengu6Robert Leke7Njini F.N. Rose8Denis Nsame9Bamenda Regional Hospital Laboratory, Regional Hospital Bamenda, Cameroon; and, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Cameroon, Bamenda, Cameroon; and, Department of Health Economics Policy and Management, Faculty of Business Management, Catholic University of Cameroon, BamendaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Cameroon, BamendaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Cameroon, BamendaNorth-West Regional Fund for Health Promotion, BamendaDepartment of Anatomy, School of Health and Medical Science, Catholic University of Cameroon, BamendaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Cameroon, BamendaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, School of Health and Medical Science, Catholic University of Cameroon, BamendaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, School of Health and Medical Science, Catholic University of Cameroon, BamendaRegional Hospital Bamenda, BamendaRegional Hospital Bamenda, BamendaBackground: The occurrence of high titres of alpha (anti-A) and beta (anti-B) haemolysin immunoglobulin G antibodies in blood causes haemolysis during blood transfusion from a group O donor, commonly and inappropriately known as the ‘universal blood donor’, to a group A, B or AB recipient. Surprisingly, haemolysin testing is not routinely done during blood transfusion services in Bamenda, Cameroon. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of haemolysin among blood group ‘O’ donors at the Regional Hospital Bamenda Blood Bank, Bamenda, Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out between June and September 2020 at the Regional Hospital Bamenda Blood Bank, Bamenda, Cameroon. Blood group O donors who were free from transfusion-transmissible infections were selected systematically and serially and their serum tested for the presence of haemolysin. Haemolysin titres were determined, and titres ≥ 8 were considered significant. The associations between haemolysin prevalence and age group, gender and Rhesus D blood group were determined using the chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of haemolysin among the 480 study participants was 52.1% and significant haemolysin titres were detected in 18.5%. There was no association between haemolysin and gender, age group or the Rhesus D blood group. Conclusion: The prevalence of significant titres of haemolysin among participants in this study was high. There is the need to test for haemolysin in blood group O donors to prevent the potential risk to blood group A, B, and AB recipients and to provide safer blood for transfusion.https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/1432prevalencehaemolysinimmunoglobulinblood group odonorsbamendacameroon |
| spellingShingle | Victor N. Fondoh Nobert Ndzenjempuh Tamunjoh Stella Richard M. Fondoh Charles N. Awasom Rebecca Enow-Tanjong Egbe P. Egbengu Robert Leke Njini F.N. Rose Denis Nsame Prevalence of alpha and beta haemolysin among blood group O donors in Bamenda, Cameroon African Journal of Laboratory Medicine prevalence haemolysin immunoglobulin blood group o donors bamenda cameroon |
| title | Prevalence of alpha and beta haemolysin among blood group O donors in Bamenda, Cameroon |
| title_full | Prevalence of alpha and beta haemolysin among blood group O donors in Bamenda, Cameroon |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of alpha and beta haemolysin among blood group O donors in Bamenda, Cameroon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of alpha and beta haemolysin among blood group O donors in Bamenda, Cameroon |
| title_short | Prevalence of alpha and beta haemolysin among blood group O donors in Bamenda, Cameroon |
| title_sort | prevalence of alpha and beta haemolysin among blood group o donors in bamenda cameroon |
| topic | prevalence haemolysin immunoglobulin blood group o donors bamenda cameroon |
| url | https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/1432 |
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