Bulk hydrometeor optical properties for microwave and sub-millimetre radiative transfer in RTTOV-SCATT v13.0
<p>Satellite observations of radiation in the microwave and sub-millimetre spectral regions (broadly from 1 to 1000 GHz) can have strong sensitivity to cloud and precipitation particles in the atmosphere. These particles (known as hydrometeors) scatter, absorb, and emit radiation according to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Geoscientific Model Development |
| Online Access: | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/7497/2021/gmd-14-7497-2021.pdf |
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| author | A. J. Geer P. Bauer K. Lonitz V. Barlakas P. Eriksson J. Mendrok J. Mendrok A. Doherty J. Hocking P. Chambon |
| author_facet | A. J. Geer P. Bauer K. Lonitz V. Barlakas P. Eriksson J. Mendrok J. Mendrok A. Doherty J. Hocking P. Chambon |
| author_sort | A. J. Geer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Satellite observations of radiation in the microwave and sub-millimetre spectral regions (broadly from 1 to 1000 GHz) can have strong sensitivity to cloud and precipitation particles in the atmosphere. These particles (known as hydrometeors) scatter, absorb, and emit radiation according to their mass, composition, shape, internal structure, and orientation. Hence, microwave and sub-millimetre observations have applications including weather forecasting, geophysical retrievals and model validation. To simulate these observations requires a scattering-capable radiative transfer model and an estimate of the bulk optical properties of the hydrometeors. This article describes the module used to integrate single-particle optical properties over a particle size distribution (PSD) to provide bulk optical properties for the Radiative Transfer for TOVS microwave and sub-millimetre scattering code, RTTOV-SCATT, a widely used fast model. Bulk optical properties can be derived from a range of particle models including Mie spheres (liquid and frozen) and non-spherical ice habits from the Liu and Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS) databases, which include pristine crystals, aggregates, and hail. The effects of different PSD and particle options on simulated brightness temperatures are explored, based on an analytical two-stream solution for a homogeneous cloud slab. The hydrometeor scattering “spectrum” below 1000 GHz is described, along with its sensitivities to particle composition (liquid or ice), size and shape. The optical behaviour of frozen particles changes in the frequencies above 200 GHz, moving towards an optically thick and emission-dominated regime more familiar from the infrared. This region is little explored but will soon be covered by the Ice Cloud Imager (ICI).</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:30:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f55ddede41d4d3185ad2374110fec04 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1991-959X 1991-9603 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:30:27Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geoscientific Model Development |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f55ddede41d4d3185ad2374110fec042022-12-21T21:27:08ZengCopernicus PublicationsGeoscientific Model Development1991-959X1991-96032021-12-01147497752610.5194/gmd-14-7497-2021Bulk hydrometeor optical properties for microwave and sub-millimetre radiative transfer in RTTOV-SCATT v13.0A. J. Geer0P. Bauer1K. Lonitz2V. Barlakas3P. Eriksson4J. Mendrok5J. Mendrok6A. Doherty7J. Hocking8P. Chambon9ECMWF, Research Department, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, UKECMWF, Research Department, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, UKECMWF, Research Department, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, UKChalmers University of Technology, Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Gothenburg, SwedenChalmers University of Technology, Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Gothenburg, SwedenChalmers University of Technology, Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Gothenburg, Swedennow at: Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, GermanyMet Office, Exeter, UKMet Office, Exeter, UKCNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France<p>Satellite observations of radiation in the microwave and sub-millimetre spectral regions (broadly from 1 to 1000 GHz) can have strong sensitivity to cloud and precipitation particles in the atmosphere. These particles (known as hydrometeors) scatter, absorb, and emit radiation according to their mass, composition, shape, internal structure, and orientation. Hence, microwave and sub-millimetre observations have applications including weather forecasting, geophysical retrievals and model validation. To simulate these observations requires a scattering-capable radiative transfer model and an estimate of the bulk optical properties of the hydrometeors. This article describes the module used to integrate single-particle optical properties over a particle size distribution (PSD) to provide bulk optical properties for the Radiative Transfer for TOVS microwave and sub-millimetre scattering code, RTTOV-SCATT, a widely used fast model. Bulk optical properties can be derived from a range of particle models including Mie spheres (liquid and frozen) and non-spherical ice habits from the Liu and Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS) databases, which include pristine crystals, aggregates, and hail. The effects of different PSD and particle options on simulated brightness temperatures are explored, based on an analytical two-stream solution for a homogeneous cloud slab. The hydrometeor scattering “spectrum” below 1000 GHz is described, along with its sensitivities to particle composition (liquid or ice), size and shape. The optical behaviour of frozen particles changes in the frequencies above 200 GHz, moving towards an optically thick and emission-dominated regime more familiar from the infrared. This region is little explored but will soon be covered by the Ice Cloud Imager (ICI).</p>https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/7497/2021/gmd-14-7497-2021.pdf |
| spellingShingle | A. J. Geer P. Bauer K. Lonitz V. Barlakas P. Eriksson J. Mendrok J. Mendrok A. Doherty J. Hocking P. Chambon Bulk hydrometeor optical properties for microwave and sub-millimetre radiative transfer in RTTOV-SCATT v13.0 Geoscientific Model Development |
| title | Bulk hydrometeor optical properties for microwave and sub-millimetre radiative transfer in RTTOV-SCATT v13.0 |
| title_full | Bulk hydrometeor optical properties for microwave and sub-millimetre radiative transfer in RTTOV-SCATT v13.0 |
| title_fullStr | Bulk hydrometeor optical properties for microwave and sub-millimetre radiative transfer in RTTOV-SCATT v13.0 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bulk hydrometeor optical properties for microwave and sub-millimetre radiative transfer in RTTOV-SCATT v13.0 |
| title_short | Bulk hydrometeor optical properties for microwave and sub-millimetre radiative transfer in RTTOV-SCATT v13.0 |
| title_sort | bulk hydrometeor optical properties for microwave and sub millimetre radiative transfer in rttov scatt v13 0 |
| url | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/7497/2021/gmd-14-7497-2021.pdf |
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