The influence of Spirulina extract on pathogenicity, immune response, and vaccine efficacy against H9N2 avian influenza virus in specific pathogen free chickens

The influence of Spirulina extract on pathogenicity, immune response, and vaccine efficacy against H9N2 avian influenza virus in specific pathogen free chickens

Avian influenza (AI) viruses pose a risk to the worldwide poultry industry. Ultimately, improving the efficiency of the H9N2 vaccine is necessary to better control low-pathogenic avian influenza-H9N2 by using natural immunostimulant. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to examine varying do...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nahed Yehia, Farida H. Mohamed, Mayasar I. Al-Zaban, Fatma Amer, Narjes Baazaoui, Marwa S. Khattab, Ahmed Abd Elhalem Mohamed, Heba M. Salem, Mohamed T. El-Saadony, Khaled A. El-Tarabily, Dalia M. Omar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-01-01
Series:Poultry Science
Subjects:
avian influenza (H9N2)
histopathology
immunity
phagocytic activity
Spirulina platensis
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579123007137

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