Shikimic acid recovers diarrhea and its complications in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea
Abstract Background Diarrhea is the increase of excretion of human water content and an imbalance in the physiologic processes of the small and large intestine while shikimic acid is an important biochemical metabolite in plants. This study aims to study the anti-diarrheal activity of shikimic acid...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Laboratory Animal Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s42826-023-00179-y |
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| author | Khaled M. M. Koriem Alaa M. A. Abdeen |
| author_facet | Khaled M. M. Koriem Alaa M. A. Abdeen |
| author_sort | Khaled M. M. Koriem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Diarrhea is the increase of excretion of human water content and an imbalance in the physiologic processes of the small and large intestine while shikimic acid is an important biochemical metabolite in plants. This study aims to study the anti-diarrheal activity of shikimic acid through restoring kidney function, antioxidant activity, inflammatory markers, sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, apoptosis genes, and histology of the kidney in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea. Results Thirty-six male SD rats (150 ± 10 g, 12 weeks old) were divided into 2 equal groups (18 rats/group) as follows: normal and diarrheal rats. Normal rats were divided into 3 equal groups of 6 rats each: the control, shikimic acid, and desmopressin drug groups. Diarrheal rats were also divided into 3 equal groups of 6 rats each: diarrheal, diarrheal rats + shikimic acid, and diarrheal rats + desmopressin drug groups. Shikimic acid restored serum urea and creatinine, urinary volume, kidney weight, sodium, potassium, and chloride balance in serum and urine. The acid returned the antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, malondialdehyde, NADPH oxidase activity, conjugated dienes, and oxidative index) activity and the inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10) to values approaching the control values. Shikimic acid also restored the sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, the apoptosis genes p53 and bcl-2, and the histology of kidney tissue in diarrheal rats to be near the control group. Conclusions Shikimic acid rescues diarrhea and its complications through restoring kidney function, serum and urinary electrolytes, antioxidant activity, inflammatory markers, sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, the apoptosis genes, and the histology of the kidney in diarrheal rats to approach the control one. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:08:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f5fb5c852e24bd18f729f5277868822 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2233-7660 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:08:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Laboratory Animal Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f5fb5c852e24bd18f729f52778688222023-11-12T12:05:12ZengBMCLaboratory Animal Research2233-76602023-11-0139111210.1186/s42826-023-00179-yShikimic acid recovers diarrhea and its complications in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrheaKhaled M. M. Koriem0Alaa M. A. Abdeen1Department of Medical Physiology, Medical Research and Clinical Institute, National Research CentreDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityAbstract Background Diarrhea is the increase of excretion of human water content and an imbalance in the physiologic processes of the small and large intestine while shikimic acid is an important biochemical metabolite in plants. This study aims to study the anti-diarrheal activity of shikimic acid through restoring kidney function, antioxidant activity, inflammatory markers, sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, apoptosis genes, and histology of the kidney in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea. Results Thirty-six male SD rats (150 ± 10 g, 12 weeks old) were divided into 2 equal groups (18 rats/group) as follows: normal and diarrheal rats. Normal rats were divided into 3 equal groups of 6 rats each: the control, shikimic acid, and desmopressin drug groups. Diarrheal rats were also divided into 3 equal groups of 6 rats each: diarrheal, diarrheal rats + shikimic acid, and diarrheal rats + desmopressin drug groups. Shikimic acid restored serum urea and creatinine, urinary volume, kidney weight, sodium, potassium, and chloride balance in serum and urine. The acid returned the antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, malondialdehyde, NADPH oxidase activity, conjugated dienes, and oxidative index) activity and the inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10) to values approaching the control values. Shikimic acid also restored the sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, the apoptosis genes p53 and bcl-2, and the histology of kidney tissue in diarrheal rats to be near the control group. Conclusions Shikimic acid rescues diarrhea and its complications through restoring kidney function, serum and urinary electrolytes, antioxidant activity, inflammatory markers, sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, the apoptosis genes, and the histology of the kidney in diarrheal rats to approach the control one.https://doi.org/10.1186/s42826-023-00179-yKidneySodiumPotassiumChlorideOxidative stressApoptosis |
| spellingShingle | Khaled M. M. Koriem Alaa M. A. Abdeen Shikimic acid recovers diarrhea and its complications in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea Laboratory Animal Research Kidney Sodium Potassium Chloride Oxidative stress Apoptosis |
| title | Shikimic acid recovers diarrhea and its complications in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea |
| title_full | Shikimic acid recovers diarrhea and its complications in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea |
| title_fullStr | Shikimic acid recovers diarrhea and its complications in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Shikimic acid recovers diarrhea and its complications in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea |
| title_short | Shikimic acid recovers diarrhea and its complications in SD rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea |
| title_sort | shikimic acid recovers diarrhea and its complications in sd rats fed lactose diet to induce diarrhea |
| topic | Kidney Sodium Potassium Chloride Oxidative stress Apoptosis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s42826-023-00179-y |
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