Assessing Opportunities to Increase Yield and Profit in Rainfed Lowland Rice Systems in Indonesia
In this study, we aimed to improve rice farmers’ productivity and profitability in rainfed lowlands through appropriate crop and nutrient management by closing the rice yield gap during the dry season in the rainfed lowlands of Indonesia. The Integrated Crop Management package, involving recommended...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/4/777 |
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| author | Erythrina Erythrina Arif Anshori Charles Y. Bora Dina O. Dewi Martina S. Lestari Muhammad A. Mustaha Khadijah E. Ramija Abdul W. Rauf Wilda Mikasari Yanto Surdianto Ahmad Suriadi Rima Purnamayani Valeriana Darwis Haris Syahbuddin |
| author_facet | Erythrina Erythrina Arif Anshori Charles Y. Bora Dina O. Dewi Martina S. Lestari Muhammad A. Mustaha Khadijah E. Ramija Abdul W. Rauf Wilda Mikasari Yanto Surdianto Ahmad Suriadi Rima Purnamayani Valeriana Darwis Haris Syahbuddin |
| author_sort | Erythrina Erythrina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we aimed to improve rice farmers’ productivity and profitability in rainfed lowlands through appropriate crop and nutrient management by closing the rice yield gap during the dry season in the rainfed lowlands of Indonesia. The Integrated Crop Management package, involving recommended practices (RP) from the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), were compared to the farmers’ current practices at ten farmer-participatory demonstration plots across ten provinces of Indonesia in 2019. The farmers’ practices (FP) usually involved using old varieties in their remaining land and following their existing fertilizer management methods. The results indicate that improved varieties and nutrient best management practices in rice production, along with water reservoir infrastructure and information access, contribute to increasing the productivity and profitability of rice farming. The mean rice yield increased significantly with RP compared with FP by 1.9 t ha<sup>−1</sup> (ranges between 1.476 to 2.344 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), and net returns increased, after deducting the cost of fertilizers and machinery used for irrigation supplements, by USD 656 ha<sup>−1</sup> (ranges between USD 266.1 to 867.9 ha<sup>−1</sup>) per crop cycle. This represents an exploitable yield gap of 37%. Disaggregated by the wet climate of western Indonesia and eastern Indonesia’s dry climate, the RP increased rice productivity by 1.8 and 2.0 t ha<sup>−1</sup>, with an additional net return gain per cycle of USD 600 and 712 ha<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. These results suggest that there is considerable potential to increase the rice production output from lowland rainfed rice systems by increasing cropping intensity and productivity. Here, we lay out the potential for site-specific variety and nutrient management with appropriate crop and supplemental irrigation as an ICM package, reducing the yield gap and increasing farmers’ yield and income during the dry season in Indonesia’s rainfed-prone areas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:17:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f7506757e164ec3b3dc2749aa823cbe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:17:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f7506757e164ec3b3dc2749aa823cbe2023-11-21T15:44:29ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-04-0111477710.3390/agronomy11040777Assessing Opportunities to Increase Yield and Profit in Rainfed Lowland Rice Systems in IndonesiaErythrina Erythrina0Arif Anshori1Charles Y. Bora2Dina O. Dewi3Martina S. Lestari4Muhammad A. Mustaha5Khadijah E. Ramija6Abdul W. Rauf7Wilda Mikasari8Yanto Surdianto9Ahmad Suriadi10Rima Purnamayani11Valeriana Darwis12Haris Syahbuddin13Indonesian Center for Agricultural Technology Assessment and Development, Jl. Tentara Pelajar No.10, Bogor 16124, IndonesiaAssessment Institute of Agricultural Technology Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta 55584, IndonesiaAssessment Institute of Agricultural Technology East Nusa Tenggara, Kupang 85362, IndonesiaAssessment Institute of Agricultural Technology West Kalimantan, Pontianak 78241, IndonesiaAssessment Institute of Agricultural Technology Papua, Jayapura 99352, IndonesiaAssessment Institute of Agricultural Technology Southeast Sulawesi, Kendari 93114, IndonesiaAssessment Institute of Agricultural Technology North Sumatra, Medan 20143, IndonesiaAssessment Institute of Agricultural Technology South Sulawesi, Makassar 90243, IndonesiaAssessment Institute of Agricultural Technology Bengkulu, Kota Bengkulu 38119, IndonesiaAssessment Institute of Agricultural Technology West Java, Lembang 40391, IndonesiaAssessment Institute of Agricultural Technology West Nusa Tenggara, Narmada 83371, IndonesiaIndonesian Center for Agricultural Technology Assessment and Development, Jl. Tentara Pelajar No.10, Bogor 16124, IndonesiaIndonesian Center for Agricultural Socio Economics and Policy Studies, Bogor 16124, IndonesiaExecutive Secretary of Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Jakarta 12540, IndonesiaIn this study, we aimed to improve rice farmers’ productivity and profitability in rainfed lowlands through appropriate crop and nutrient management by closing the rice yield gap during the dry season in the rainfed lowlands of Indonesia. The Integrated Crop Management package, involving recommended practices (RP) from the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), were compared to the farmers’ current practices at ten farmer-participatory demonstration plots across ten provinces of Indonesia in 2019. The farmers’ practices (FP) usually involved using old varieties in their remaining land and following their existing fertilizer management methods. The results indicate that improved varieties and nutrient best management practices in rice production, along with water reservoir infrastructure and information access, contribute to increasing the productivity and profitability of rice farming. The mean rice yield increased significantly with RP compared with FP by 1.9 t ha<sup>−1</sup> (ranges between 1.476 to 2.344 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), and net returns increased, after deducting the cost of fertilizers and machinery used for irrigation supplements, by USD 656 ha<sup>−1</sup> (ranges between USD 266.1 to 867.9 ha<sup>−1</sup>) per crop cycle. This represents an exploitable yield gap of 37%. Disaggregated by the wet climate of western Indonesia and eastern Indonesia’s dry climate, the RP increased rice productivity by 1.8 and 2.0 t ha<sup>−1</sup>, with an additional net return gain per cycle of USD 600 and 712 ha<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. These results suggest that there is considerable potential to increase the rice production output from lowland rainfed rice systems by increasing cropping intensity and productivity. Here, we lay out the potential for site-specific variety and nutrient management with appropriate crop and supplemental irrigation as an ICM package, reducing the yield gap and increasing farmers’ yield and income during the dry season in Indonesia’s rainfed-prone areas.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/4/777rainfed lowlandstechnology innovationproductivitynet incomeyield gap |
| spellingShingle | Erythrina Erythrina Arif Anshori Charles Y. Bora Dina O. Dewi Martina S. Lestari Muhammad A. Mustaha Khadijah E. Ramija Abdul W. Rauf Wilda Mikasari Yanto Surdianto Ahmad Suriadi Rima Purnamayani Valeriana Darwis Haris Syahbuddin Assessing Opportunities to Increase Yield and Profit in Rainfed Lowland Rice Systems in Indonesia Agronomy rainfed lowlands technology innovation productivity net income yield gap |
| title | Assessing Opportunities to Increase Yield and Profit in Rainfed Lowland Rice Systems in Indonesia |
| title_full | Assessing Opportunities to Increase Yield and Profit in Rainfed Lowland Rice Systems in Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | Assessing Opportunities to Increase Yield and Profit in Rainfed Lowland Rice Systems in Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing Opportunities to Increase Yield and Profit in Rainfed Lowland Rice Systems in Indonesia |
| title_short | Assessing Opportunities to Increase Yield and Profit in Rainfed Lowland Rice Systems in Indonesia |
| title_sort | assessing opportunities to increase yield and profit in rainfed lowland rice systems in indonesia |
| topic | rainfed lowlands technology innovation productivity net income yield gap |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/4/777 |
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