Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return
Straw is an agricultural byproduct that results from the production of many crops, such as cereals, yet it is often considered a waste product. However, straw has both historical precedent and future potential as an agricultural resource. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of returning...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/3058 |
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| author | Peng Ma Ke-Yuan Zhang Xue-Huan Liao Li-Se Aer Er-Luo Yang Jun Deng Lin Zhou Rong-Ping Zhang |
| author_facet | Peng Ma Ke-Yuan Zhang Xue-Huan Liao Li-Se Aer Er-Luo Yang Jun Deng Lin Zhou Rong-Ping Zhang |
| author_sort | Peng Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Straw is an agricultural byproduct that results from the production of many crops, such as cereals, yet it is often considered a waste product. However, straw has both historical precedent and future potential as an agricultural resource. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of returning straw to the soil on rice cultivation. To this end, we used the hybrid rice variety Luliangyou Jingling as the test material to study the effect of straw return under four different nitrogen application levels (0 kg N (N1), 120 kg N/hm<sup>2</sup> (N2), 150 kg N/hm<sup>2</sup> (N3), and 180 kg N/hm<sup>2</sup> (N4)) on rice tillering dynamics, leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation, and yield. We found that rice under straw return had a higher number of effective panicles, along with a higher number of grains per panicle, compared to those without straw return. Additionally, the tiller number, LAI, total dry matter, and yield of rice in each main growth period under straw return were higher than those without straw return, and these values increased with an increase in nitrogen application rate. The yield was the highest at 9520.63 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> without straw return, while the highest yield with straw return was achieved at 10,738.26 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>. Our results revealed the optimal nitrogen application level for high yield of two-line direct-seeded rice under straw return, which provides a theoretical reference for the precise reduction of fertilizer application in rice cultivation. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:04:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f7a41964a2e494c8e0206ba0c0b63ec2023-12-22T13:46:49ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-12-011312305810.3390/agronomy13123058Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw ReturnPeng Ma0Ke-Yuan Zhang1Xue-Huan Liao2Li-Se Aer3Er-Luo Yang4Jun Deng5Lin Zhou6Rong-Ping Zhang7School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, ChinaStraw is an agricultural byproduct that results from the production of many crops, such as cereals, yet it is often considered a waste product. However, straw has both historical precedent and future potential as an agricultural resource. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of returning straw to the soil on rice cultivation. To this end, we used the hybrid rice variety Luliangyou Jingling as the test material to study the effect of straw return under four different nitrogen application levels (0 kg N (N1), 120 kg N/hm<sup>2</sup> (N2), 150 kg N/hm<sup>2</sup> (N3), and 180 kg N/hm<sup>2</sup> (N4)) on rice tillering dynamics, leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation, and yield. We found that rice under straw return had a higher number of effective panicles, along with a higher number of grains per panicle, compared to those without straw return. Additionally, the tiller number, LAI, total dry matter, and yield of rice in each main growth period under straw return were higher than those without straw return, and these values increased with an increase in nitrogen application rate. The yield was the highest at 9520.63 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> without straw return, while the highest yield with straw return was achieved at 10,738.26 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>. Our results revealed the optimal nitrogen application level for high yield of two-line direct-seeded rice under straw return, which provides a theoretical reference for the precise reduction of fertilizer application in rice cultivation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/3058straw returnN fertilizationleaf area indexdry matteryield |
| spellingShingle | Peng Ma Ke-Yuan Zhang Xue-Huan Liao Li-Se Aer Er-Luo Yang Jun Deng Lin Zhou Rong-Ping Zhang Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return Agronomy straw return N fertilization leaf area index dry matter yield |
| title | Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return |
| title_full | Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return |
| title_short | Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Dry Matter Weight and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice under Straw Return |
| title_sort | effects of nitrogen application rate on dry matter weight and yield of direct seeded rice under straw return |
| topic | straw return N fertilization leaf area index dry matter yield |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/3058 |
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