Radionuclides Transfer from Soil to Tea Leaves and Estimation of Committed Effective Dose to the Bangladesh Populace
Considering the probable health risks due to radioactivity input via drinking tea, the concentrations of <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th,<sup>40</sup>K and <sup>137</sup>Cs radionuclides in the soil and the corresponding tea leaves of a large tea pl...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| author | Nurul Absar Jainal Abedin Md. Mashiur Rahman Moazzem Hossain Miah Naziba Siddique Masud Kamal Mantazul Islam Chowdhury Abdelmoneim Adam Mohamed Sulieman Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque Mayeen Uddin Khandaker David Andrew Bradley Abdullah Alsubaie |
| author_facet | Nurul Absar Jainal Abedin Md. Mashiur Rahman Moazzem Hossain Miah Naziba Siddique Masud Kamal Mantazul Islam Chowdhury Abdelmoneim Adam Mohamed Sulieman Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque Mayeen Uddin Khandaker David Andrew Bradley Abdullah Alsubaie |
| author_sort | Nurul Absar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Considering the probable health risks due to radioactivity input via drinking tea, the concentrations of <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th,<sup>40</sup>K and <sup>137</sup>Cs radionuclides in the soil and the corresponding tea leaves of a large tea plantation were measured using high purity germanium (HPGe) γ-ray spectrometry. Different layers of soil and fresh tea leaf samples were collected from the Udalia Tea Estate (UTE) in the Fatickchari area of Chittagong, Bangladesh. The mean concentrations (in Bq/kg) of radionuclides in the studied soil samples were found to be 34 ± 9 to 45 ± 3 for <sup>226</sup>Ra, 50 ± 13 to 63 ± 5 for <sup>232</sup>Th, 245 ± 30 to 635 ± 35 for <sup>40</sup>K and 3 ± 1 to 10 ± 1 for <sup>137</sup>Cs, while the respective values in the corresponding tea leaf samples were 3.6 ± 0.7 to 5.7 ± 1.0, 2.4 ± 0.5 to 5.8 ± 0.9, 132 ± 25 to 258 ± 29 and <0.4. The mean transfer factors for <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>40</sup>K from soil to tea leaves were calculated to be 0.12, 0.08 and 0.46, respectively, the complete range being 1.1 × 10<sup>−2</sup> to 1.0, in accordance with IAEA values. Additionally, the most popularly consumed tea brands available in the Bangladeshi market were also analyzed and, with the exception of <sup>40</sup>K, were found to have similar concentrations to the fresh tea leaves collected from the UTE. The committed effective dose via the consumption of tea was estimated to be low in comparison with the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) reference ingestion dose limit of 290 μSv/y. Current indicative tea consumption of 4 g/day/person shows an insignificant radiological risk to public health, while cumulative dietary exposures may not be entirely negligible, because the UNSCEAR reference dose limit is derived from total dietary exposures. This study suggests a periodic monitoring of radiation levels in tea leaves in seeking to ensure the safety of human health. |
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| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:50:25Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-7f7b210f15a047a5beba056efe7b025e2023-11-21T13:05:09ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292021-03-0111428210.3390/life11040282Radionuclides Transfer from Soil to Tea Leaves and Estimation of Committed Effective Dose to the Bangladesh PopulaceNurul Absar0Jainal Abedin1Md. Mashiur Rahman2Moazzem Hossain Miah3Naziba Siddique4Masud Kamal5Mantazul Islam Chowdhury6Abdelmoneim Adam Mohamed Sulieman7Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque8Mayeen Uddin Khandaker9David Andrew Bradley10Abdullah Alsubaie11Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, BangladeshDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, BangladeshHughes Network Systems, 11717 Exploration Lane, Germantown, MD 20876, USADepartment of Physics, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, BangladeshDepartment of Physics, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, BangladeshAtomic Energy Centre-Chittagong, Radioactivity Testing and Monitoring Laboratory, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Chittagong 4209, BangladeshAtomic Energy Centre-Chittagong, Radioactivity Testing and Monitoring Laboratory, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Chittagong 4209, BangladeshDepartment of Radiology and Medical Imaging, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 422, Alkharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaSpace Science Centre (ANGKASA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, MalaysiaCentre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, MalaysiaCentre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, MalaysiaDepartment of Physics, College of Khurma, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaConsidering the probable health risks due to radioactivity input via drinking tea, the concentrations of <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th,<sup>40</sup>K and <sup>137</sup>Cs radionuclides in the soil and the corresponding tea leaves of a large tea plantation were measured using high purity germanium (HPGe) γ-ray spectrometry. Different layers of soil and fresh tea leaf samples were collected from the Udalia Tea Estate (UTE) in the Fatickchari area of Chittagong, Bangladesh. The mean concentrations (in Bq/kg) of radionuclides in the studied soil samples were found to be 34 ± 9 to 45 ± 3 for <sup>226</sup>Ra, 50 ± 13 to 63 ± 5 for <sup>232</sup>Th, 245 ± 30 to 635 ± 35 for <sup>40</sup>K and 3 ± 1 to 10 ± 1 for <sup>137</sup>Cs, while the respective values in the corresponding tea leaf samples were 3.6 ± 0.7 to 5.7 ± 1.0, 2.4 ± 0.5 to 5.8 ± 0.9, 132 ± 25 to 258 ± 29 and <0.4. The mean transfer factors for <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>40</sup>K from soil to tea leaves were calculated to be 0.12, 0.08 and 0.46, respectively, the complete range being 1.1 × 10<sup>−2</sup> to 1.0, in accordance with IAEA values. Additionally, the most popularly consumed tea brands available in the Bangladeshi market were also analyzed and, with the exception of <sup>40</sup>K, were found to have similar concentrations to the fresh tea leaves collected from the UTE. The committed effective dose via the consumption of tea was estimated to be low in comparison with the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) reference ingestion dose limit of 290 μSv/y. Current indicative tea consumption of 4 g/day/person shows an insignificant radiological risk to public health, while cumulative dietary exposures may not be entirely negligible, because the UNSCEAR reference dose limit is derived from total dietary exposures. This study suggests a periodic monitoring of radiation levels in tea leaves in seeking to ensure the safety of human health.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/4/282soiltea leavesHPGe γ-ray spectrometryterrestrial and anthropogenic radionuclidesthreshold consumption ratecommitted effective dose |
| spellingShingle | Nurul Absar Jainal Abedin Md. Mashiur Rahman Moazzem Hossain Miah Naziba Siddique Masud Kamal Mantazul Islam Chowdhury Abdelmoneim Adam Mohamed Sulieman Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque Mayeen Uddin Khandaker David Andrew Bradley Abdullah Alsubaie Radionuclides Transfer from Soil to Tea Leaves and Estimation of Committed Effective Dose to the Bangladesh Populace Life soil tea leaves HPGe γ-ray spectrometry terrestrial and anthropogenic radionuclides threshold consumption rate committed effective dose |
| title | Radionuclides Transfer from Soil to Tea Leaves and Estimation of Committed Effective Dose to the Bangladesh Populace |
| title_full | Radionuclides Transfer from Soil to Tea Leaves and Estimation of Committed Effective Dose to the Bangladesh Populace |
| title_fullStr | Radionuclides Transfer from Soil to Tea Leaves and Estimation of Committed Effective Dose to the Bangladesh Populace |
| title_full_unstemmed | Radionuclides Transfer from Soil to Tea Leaves and Estimation of Committed Effective Dose to the Bangladesh Populace |
| title_short | Radionuclides Transfer from Soil to Tea Leaves and Estimation of Committed Effective Dose to the Bangladesh Populace |
| title_sort | radionuclides transfer from soil to tea leaves and estimation of committed effective dose to the bangladesh populace |
| topic | soil tea leaves HPGe γ-ray spectrometry terrestrial and anthropogenic radionuclides threshold consumption rate committed effective dose |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/4/282 |
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