Nomenclature- and Database-Compatible Names for the Two Ebola Virus Variants that Emerged in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2014
In 2014, Ebola virus (EBOV) was identified as the etiological agent of a large and still expanding outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa and a much more confined EVD outbreak in Middle Africa. Epidemiological and evolutionary analyses confirmed that all cases of both outbreaks are con...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2014-11-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/6/11/4760 |
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| author | Jens H. Kuhn Kristian G. Andersen Sylvain Baize Yīmíng Bào Sina Bavari Nicolas Berthet Olga Blinkova J. Rodney Brister Anna N. Clawson Joseph Fair Martin Gabriel Robert F. Garry Stephen K. Gire Augustine Goba Jean-Paul Gonzalez Stephan Günther Christian T. Happi Peter B. Jahrling Jimmy Kapetshi Gary Kobinger Jeffrey R. Kugelman Eric M. Leroy Gael Darren Maganga Placide K. Mbala Lina M. Moses Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum Magassouba N'Faly Stuart T. Nichol Sunday A. Omilabu Gustavo Palacios Daniel J. Park Janusz T. Paweska Sheli R. Radoshitzky Cynthia A. Rossi Pardis C. Sabeti John S. Schieffelin Randal J. Schoepp Rachel Sealfon Robert Swanepoel Jonathan S. Towner Jiro Wada Nadia Wauquier Nathan L. Yozwiak Pierre Formenty |
| author_facet | Jens H. Kuhn Kristian G. Andersen Sylvain Baize Yīmíng Bào Sina Bavari Nicolas Berthet Olga Blinkova J. Rodney Brister Anna N. Clawson Joseph Fair Martin Gabriel Robert F. Garry Stephen K. Gire Augustine Goba Jean-Paul Gonzalez Stephan Günther Christian T. Happi Peter B. Jahrling Jimmy Kapetshi Gary Kobinger Jeffrey R. Kugelman Eric M. Leroy Gael Darren Maganga Placide K. Mbala Lina M. Moses Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum Magassouba N'Faly Stuart T. Nichol Sunday A. Omilabu Gustavo Palacios Daniel J. Park Janusz T. Paweska Sheli R. Radoshitzky Cynthia A. Rossi Pardis C. Sabeti John S. Schieffelin Randal J. Schoepp Rachel Sealfon Robert Swanepoel Jonathan S. Towner Jiro Wada Nadia Wauquier Nathan L. Yozwiak Pierre Formenty |
| author_sort | Jens H. Kuhn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In 2014, Ebola virus (EBOV) was identified as the etiological agent of a large and still expanding outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa and a much more confined EVD outbreak in Middle Africa. Epidemiological and evolutionary analyses confirmed that all cases of both outbreaks are connected to a single introduction each of EBOV into human populations and that both outbreaks are not directly connected. Coding-complete genomic sequence analyses of isolates revealed that the two outbreaks were caused by two novel EBOV variants, and initial clinical observations suggest that neither of them should be considered strains. Here we present consensus decisions on naming for both variants (West Africa: “Makona”, Middle Africa: “Lomela”) and provide database-compatible full, shortened, and abbreviated names that are in line with recently established filovirus sub-species nomenclatures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T22:17:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f8b803671844b9a89919675c08d6a39 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T22:17:07Z |
| publishDate | 2014-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f8b803671844b9a89919675c08d6a392022-12-22T00:48:33ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152014-11-016114760479910.3390/v6114760v6114760Nomenclature- and Database-Compatible Names for the Two Ebola Virus Variants that Emerged in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2014Jens H. Kuhn0Kristian G. Andersen1Sylvain Baize2Yīmíng Bào3Sina Bavari4Nicolas Berthet5Olga Blinkova6J. Rodney Brister7Anna N. Clawson8Joseph Fair9Martin Gabriel10Robert F. Garry11Stephen K. Gire12Augustine Goba13Jean-Paul Gonzalez14Stephan Günther15Christian T. Happi16Peter B. Jahrling17Jimmy Kapetshi18Gary Kobinger19Jeffrey R. Kugelman20Eric M. Leroy21Gael Darren Maganga22Placide K. Mbala23Lina M. Moses24Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum25Magassouba N'Faly26Stuart T. Nichol27Sunday A. Omilabu28Gustavo Palacios29Daniel J. Park30Janusz T. Paweska31Sheli R. Radoshitzky32Cynthia A. Rossi33Pardis C. Sabeti34John S. Schieffelin35Randal J. Schoepp36Rachel Sealfon37Robert Swanepoel38Jonathan S. Towner39Jiro Wada40Nadia Wauquier41Nathan L. Yozwiak42Pierre Formenty43Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USAFAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAUnité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur, Lyon, FranceInformation Engineering Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USAUnited States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USACentre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, B. P. 769, Franceville, GabonInformation Engineering Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USAInformation Engineering Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USAIntegrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USAFondation Mérieux, Washington, DC 20036, USABernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Arbovirus and Hemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, and the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg, 20259 Hamburg, GermanyTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USAFAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAKenema Government Hospital, Kenema, Sierra LeoneMetabiota, Inc., San Francisco, CA 94104, USABernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Arbovirus and Hemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, and the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg, 20259 Hamburg, GermanyDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, and African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Mowe, Ogun State, NigeriaIntegrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USAInstitut National de Recherche Biomédicales, Kinshasa-Gombe BP 1197, Republic of the CongoSpecial Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, CanadaUnited States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USACentre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, B. P. 769, Franceville, GabonCentre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, B. P. 769, Franceville, GabonInstitut National de Recherche Biomédicales, Kinshasa-Gombe BP 1197, Republic of the CongoTulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USAInstitut National de Recherche Biomédicales, Kinshasa-Gombe BP 1197, Republic of the CongoUniversité Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Laboratoire des fièvres hémorragiques en Guinée, Hôpital National Donka, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, BP 5680, Conakry, GuineaViral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USADepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Private Mail Bag 12003, Lagos, NigeriaUnited States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USAThe Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USACenter for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham-Johannesburg 2192, Gauteng, South AfricaUnited States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USAUnited States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USAFAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USATulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USAUnited States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USAComputer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAZoonoses Research Unit, University of Pretoria, Private bag X20 Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South AfricaViral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USAIntegrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USAMetabiota, Inc., San Francisco, CA 94104, USAFAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAWorld Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandIn 2014, Ebola virus (EBOV) was identified as the etiological agent of a large and still expanding outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa and a much more confined EVD outbreak in Middle Africa. Epidemiological and evolutionary analyses confirmed that all cases of both outbreaks are connected to a single introduction each of EBOV into human populations and that both outbreaks are not directly connected. Coding-complete genomic sequence analyses of isolates revealed that the two outbreaks were caused by two novel EBOV variants, and initial clinical observations suggest that neither of them should be considered strains. Here we present consensus decisions on naming for both variants (West Africa: “Makona”, Middle Africa: “Lomela”) and provide database-compatible full, shortened, and abbreviated names that are in line with recently established filovirus sub-species nomenclatures.http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/6/11/4760EbolaEbola virusebolavirusfiloviridFiloviridaefilovirusgenome annotationLomelaLokoliaMakonamononegaviradMononegaviralesmononegavirusvirus classificationvirus isolatevirus nomenclaturevirus strainvirus taxonomyvirus variant |
| spellingShingle | Jens H. Kuhn Kristian G. Andersen Sylvain Baize Yīmíng Bào Sina Bavari Nicolas Berthet Olga Blinkova J. Rodney Brister Anna N. Clawson Joseph Fair Martin Gabriel Robert F. Garry Stephen K. Gire Augustine Goba Jean-Paul Gonzalez Stephan Günther Christian T. Happi Peter B. Jahrling Jimmy Kapetshi Gary Kobinger Jeffrey R. Kugelman Eric M. Leroy Gael Darren Maganga Placide K. Mbala Lina M. Moses Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum Magassouba N'Faly Stuart T. Nichol Sunday A. Omilabu Gustavo Palacios Daniel J. Park Janusz T. Paweska Sheli R. Radoshitzky Cynthia A. Rossi Pardis C. Sabeti John S. Schieffelin Randal J. Schoepp Rachel Sealfon Robert Swanepoel Jonathan S. Towner Jiro Wada Nadia Wauquier Nathan L. Yozwiak Pierre Formenty Nomenclature- and Database-Compatible Names for the Two Ebola Virus Variants that Emerged in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2014 Viruses Ebola Ebola virus ebolavirus filovirid Filoviridae filovirus genome annotation Lomela Lokolia Makona mononegavirad Mononegavirales mononegavirus virus classification virus isolate virus nomenclature virus strain virus taxonomy virus variant |
| title | Nomenclature- and Database-Compatible Names for the Two Ebola Virus Variants that Emerged in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2014 |
| title_full | Nomenclature- and Database-Compatible Names for the Two Ebola Virus Variants that Emerged in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2014 |
| title_fullStr | Nomenclature- and Database-Compatible Names for the Two Ebola Virus Variants that Emerged in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2014 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nomenclature- and Database-Compatible Names for the Two Ebola Virus Variants that Emerged in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2014 |
| title_short | Nomenclature- and Database-Compatible Names for the Two Ebola Virus Variants that Emerged in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2014 |
| title_sort | nomenclature and database compatible names for the two ebola virus variants that emerged in guinea and the democratic republic of the congo in 2014 |
| topic | Ebola Ebola virus ebolavirus filovirid Filoviridae filovirus genome annotation Lomela Lokolia Makona mononegavirad Mononegavirales mononegavirus virus classification virus isolate virus nomenclature virus strain virus taxonomy virus variant |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/6/11/4760 |
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