Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in vaccinated and vaccine naïve adult Nigerians.
<h4>Background</h4>Reports on the evaluation of immune responses to different COVID-19 vaccines are limited. Similarly, effects of age and gender have not been well explored as variables that could impact on the vaccine-induced antibody response. Therefore, seroprevalence of anti-SARS-Co...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280276 |
| _version_ | 1797942954826924032 |
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| author | Abdulfattah Adekunle Onifade Adeola Fowotade Sheu Kadiri Rahamon Victory Fabian Edem Surajudeen Adebayo Yaqub Olatunji Kadri Akande Olatunbosun Ganiyu Arinola |
| author_facet | Abdulfattah Adekunle Onifade Adeola Fowotade Sheu Kadiri Rahamon Victory Fabian Edem Surajudeen Adebayo Yaqub Olatunji Kadri Akande Olatunbosun Ganiyu Arinola |
| author_sort | Abdulfattah Adekunle Onifade |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Reports on the evaluation of immune responses to different COVID-19 vaccines are limited. Similarly, effects of age and gender have not been well explored as variables that could impact on the vaccine-induced antibody response. Therefore, seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in vaccinated and vaccine naïve adult Nigerians was determined in this study.<h4>Methodology</h4>A total of 141 adults were enrolled into this study. Presence or absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay on nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Specific IgG and IgM antibodies were qualitatively detected using a Rapid Diagnostic Test kit.<h4>Results</h4>Pre-vaccination, 77% of the study participants had never had PCR-confirmed COVID-19 test yet 66.7% of them were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Of 111 COVID-19 vaccinated participants, 69.2% and 73.8% of them had SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG post-first and second doses of COVID-19 vaccine respectively. However, 23.1% and 21.4% of the participants who have had first and second doses respectively had no detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The proportion of participants with SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG was insignificantly higher in those between the ages of 18-40 years and 41-59 years compared with individuals aged ≥60 years. No significant association was observed between gender and seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.<h4>Conclusion</h4>There is high SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence among Nigerian adults who never had PCR-confirmed COVID-19. Also, there is the need for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies screening post vaccination as this could be essential in achieving herd immunity. Age and gender do not seem to have significant association with seropositivity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:15:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f942f09cddd493db843f6e2c919c50c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:15:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f942f09cddd493db843f6e2c919c50c2023-01-26T05:31:59ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032023-01-01181e028027610.1371/journal.pone.0280276Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in vaccinated and vaccine naïve adult Nigerians.Abdulfattah Adekunle OnifadeAdeola FowotadeSheu Kadiri RahamonVictory Fabian EdemSurajudeen Adebayo YaqubOlatunji Kadri AkandeOlatunbosun Ganiyu Arinola<h4>Background</h4>Reports on the evaluation of immune responses to different COVID-19 vaccines are limited. Similarly, effects of age and gender have not been well explored as variables that could impact on the vaccine-induced antibody response. Therefore, seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in vaccinated and vaccine naïve adult Nigerians was determined in this study.<h4>Methodology</h4>A total of 141 adults were enrolled into this study. Presence or absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay on nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Specific IgG and IgM antibodies were qualitatively detected using a Rapid Diagnostic Test kit.<h4>Results</h4>Pre-vaccination, 77% of the study participants had never had PCR-confirmed COVID-19 test yet 66.7% of them were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Of 111 COVID-19 vaccinated participants, 69.2% and 73.8% of them had SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG post-first and second doses of COVID-19 vaccine respectively. However, 23.1% and 21.4% of the participants who have had first and second doses respectively had no detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The proportion of participants with SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG was insignificantly higher in those between the ages of 18-40 years and 41-59 years compared with individuals aged ≥60 years. No significant association was observed between gender and seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.<h4>Conclusion</h4>There is high SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence among Nigerian adults who never had PCR-confirmed COVID-19. Also, there is the need for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies screening post vaccination as this could be essential in achieving herd immunity. Age and gender do not seem to have significant association with seropositivity.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280276 |
| spellingShingle | Abdulfattah Adekunle Onifade Adeola Fowotade Sheu Kadiri Rahamon Victory Fabian Edem Surajudeen Adebayo Yaqub Olatunji Kadri Akande Olatunbosun Ganiyu Arinola Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in vaccinated and vaccine naïve adult Nigerians. PLoS ONE |
| title | Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in vaccinated and vaccine naïve adult Nigerians. |
| title_full | Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in vaccinated and vaccine naïve adult Nigerians. |
| title_fullStr | Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in vaccinated and vaccine naïve adult Nigerians. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in vaccinated and vaccine naïve adult Nigerians. |
| title_short | Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in vaccinated and vaccine naïve adult Nigerians. |
| title_sort | seroprevalence of anti sars cov 2 specific antibodies in vaccinated and vaccine naive adult nigerians |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280276 |
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