The age-specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a pooled analysis.
BACKGROUND:The effects of systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum total cholesterol (TC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and body mass index (BMI) on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been established in epidemiological studies, but consistent estimates of effect sizes by age and sex are no...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2013-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3728292?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1818510167608655872 |
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| author | Gitanjali M Singh Goodarz Danaei Farshad Farzadfar Gretchen A Stevens Mark Woodward David Wormser Stephen Kaptoge Gary Whitlock Qing Qiao Sarah Lewington Emanuele Di Angelantonio Stephen Vander Hoorn Carlene M M Lawes Mohammed K Ali Dariush Mozaffarian Majid Ezzati Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating Group; Asia-Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration (APCSC) Diabetes Epidemiology: Collaborative analysis of Diagnostic criteria in Europe (DECODE) Emerging Risk Factor Collaboration (ERFC) Prospective Studies Collaboration (PSC) |
| author_facet | Gitanjali M Singh Goodarz Danaei Farshad Farzadfar Gretchen A Stevens Mark Woodward David Wormser Stephen Kaptoge Gary Whitlock Qing Qiao Sarah Lewington Emanuele Di Angelantonio Stephen Vander Hoorn Carlene M M Lawes Mohammed K Ali Dariush Mozaffarian Majid Ezzati Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating Group; Asia-Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration (APCSC) Diabetes Epidemiology: Collaborative analysis of Diagnostic criteria in Europe (DECODE) Emerging Risk Factor Collaboration (ERFC) Prospective Studies Collaboration (PSC) |
| author_sort | Gitanjali M Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND:The effects of systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum total cholesterol (TC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and body mass index (BMI) on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been established in epidemiological studies, but consistent estimates of effect sizes by age and sex are not available. METHODS:We reviewed large cohort pooling projects, evaluating effects of baseline or usual exposure to metabolic risks on ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertensive heart disease (HHD), stroke, diabetes, and, as relevant selected other CVDs, after adjusting for important confounders. We pooled all data to estimate relative risks (RRs) for each risk factor and examined effect modification by age or other factors, using random effects models. RESULTS:Across all risk factors, an average of 123 cohorts provided data on 1.4 million individuals and 52,000 CVD events. Each metabolic risk factor was robustly related to CVD. At the baseline age of 55-64 years, the RR for 10 mmHg higher SBP was largest for HHD (2.16; 95% CI 2.09-2.24), followed by effects on both stroke subtypes (1.66; 1.39-1.98 for hemorrhagic stroke and 1.63; 1.57-1.69 for ischemic stroke). In the same age group, RRs for 1 mmol/L higher TC were 1.44 (1.29-1.61) for IHD and 1.20 (1.15-1.25) for ischemic stroke. The RRs for 5 kg/m(2) higher BMI for ages 55-64 ranged from 2.32 (2.04-2.63) for diabetes, to 1.44 (1.40-1.48) for IHD. For 1 mmol/L higher FPG, RRs in this age group were 1.18 (1.08-1.29) for IHD and 1.14 (1.01-1.29) for total stroke. For all risk factors, proportional effects declined with age, were generally consistent by sex, and differed by region in only a few age groups for certain risk factor-disease pairs. CONCLUSION:Our results provide robust, comparable and precise estimates of the effects of major metabolic risk factors on CVD and diabetes by age group. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:55:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7f9b1b8e4f724b9c9daac2b80cd2ca3c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:55:29Z |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-7f9b1b8e4f724b9c9daac2b80cd2ca3c2022-12-22T01:30:17ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-0187e6517410.1371/journal.pone.0065174The age-specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a pooled analysis.Gitanjali M SinghGoodarz DanaeiFarshad FarzadfarGretchen A StevensMark WoodwardDavid WormserStephen KaptogeGary WhitlockQing QiaoSarah LewingtonEmanuele Di AngelantonioStephen Vander HoornCarlene M M LawesMohammed K AliDariush MozaffarianMajid EzzatiGlobal Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating Group; Asia-Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration (APCSC)Diabetes Epidemiology: Collaborative analysis of Diagnostic criteria in Europe (DECODE)Emerging Risk Factor Collaboration (ERFC)Prospective Studies Collaboration (PSC)BACKGROUND:The effects of systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum total cholesterol (TC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and body mass index (BMI) on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been established in epidemiological studies, but consistent estimates of effect sizes by age and sex are not available. METHODS:We reviewed large cohort pooling projects, evaluating effects of baseline or usual exposure to metabolic risks on ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertensive heart disease (HHD), stroke, diabetes, and, as relevant selected other CVDs, after adjusting for important confounders. We pooled all data to estimate relative risks (RRs) for each risk factor and examined effect modification by age or other factors, using random effects models. RESULTS:Across all risk factors, an average of 123 cohorts provided data on 1.4 million individuals and 52,000 CVD events. Each metabolic risk factor was robustly related to CVD. At the baseline age of 55-64 years, the RR for 10 mmHg higher SBP was largest for HHD (2.16; 95% CI 2.09-2.24), followed by effects on both stroke subtypes (1.66; 1.39-1.98 for hemorrhagic stroke and 1.63; 1.57-1.69 for ischemic stroke). In the same age group, RRs for 1 mmol/L higher TC were 1.44 (1.29-1.61) for IHD and 1.20 (1.15-1.25) for ischemic stroke. The RRs for 5 kg/m(2) higher BMI for ages 55-64 ranged from 2.32 (2.04-2.63) for diabetes, to 1.44 (1.40-1.48) for IHD. For 1 mmol/L higher FPG, RRs in this age group were 1.18 (1.08-1.29) for IHD and 1.14 (1.01-1.29) for total stroke. For all risk factors, proportional effects declined with age, were generally consistent by sex, and differed by region in only a few age groups for certain risk factor-disease pairs. CONCLUSION:Our results provide robust, comparable and precise estimates of the effects of major metabolic risk factors on CVD and diabetes by age group.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3728292?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Gitanjali M Singh Goodarz Danaei Farshad Farzadfar Gretchen A Stevens Mark Woodward David Wormser Stephen Kaptoge Gary Whitlock Qing Qiao Sarah Lewington Emanuele Di Angelantonio Stephen Vander Hoorn Carlene M M Lawes Mohammed K Ali Dariush Mozaffarian Majid Ezzati Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating Group; Asia-Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration (APCSC) Diabetes Epidemiology: Collaborative analysis of Diagnostic criteria in Europe (DECODE) Emerging Risk Factor Collaboration (ERFC) Prospective Studies Collaboration (PSC) The age-specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a pooled analysis. PLoS ONE |
| title | The age-specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a pooled analysis. |
| title_full | The age-specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a pooled analysis. |
| title_fullStr | The age-specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a pooled analysis. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The age-specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a pooled analysis. |
| title_short | The age-specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a pooled analysis. |
| title_sort | age specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes a pooled analysis |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3728292?pdf=render |
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