Zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of Lrp5 in osteoclast regulation
Low-density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 5 (LRP5) functions as a co-receptor for Wnt ligands, controlling expression of genes involved in osteogenesis. In humans, loss-of-function mutations in LRP5 cause Osteoporosis-Pseudoglioma syndrome, a low bone mass disorder, while gain-of-function mis...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.985304/full |
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| author | Iryna Khrystoforova Chen Shochat-Carvalho Ram Harari Katrin Henke Katherine Woronowicz Katherine Woronowicz Matthew P. Harris Matthew P. Harris David Karasik |
| author_facet | Iryna Khrystoforova Chen Shochat-Carvalho Ram Harari Katrin Henke Katherine Woronowicz Katherine Woronowicz Matthew P. Harris Matthew P. Harris David Karasik |
| author_sort | Iryna Khrystoforova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Low-density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 5 (LRP5) functions as a co-receptor for Wnt ligands, controlling expression of genes involved in osteogenesis. In humans, loss-of-function mutations in LRP5 cause Osteoporosis-Pseudoglioma syndrome, a low bone mass disorder, while gain-of-function missense mutations have been observed in individuals with high bone mass. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model for human disease research, as genetic determinants that control bone formation are generally conserved between zebrafish and mammals. We generated lrp5- knock-out zebrafish to study its role in skeletogenesis and homeostasis. Loss of lrp5 in zebrafish leads to craniofacial deformities and low bone mineral density (total body and head) at adult ages. To understand the mechanism and consequences of the observed phenotypes, we performed transcriptome analysis of the cranium of adult lrp5 mutants and siblings. Enrichment analysis revealed upregulation of genes significantly associated with hydrolase activity: mmp9, mmp13a, acp5a. acp5a encodes Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) which is commonly used as an osteoclast marker, while Matrix metalloprotease 9, Mmp9, is known to be secreted by osteoclasts and stimulate bone resorption. These genes point to changes in osteoclast differentiation regulated by lrp5. To analyze these changes functionally, we assessed osteoclast dynamics in mutants and observed increased TRAP staining, significantly larger resorption areas, and developmental skeletal dysmorphologies in the mutant, suggesting higher resorptive activity in the absence of Lrp5 signaling. Our findings support a conserved role of Lrp5 in maintaining bone mineral density and revealed unexpected insights into the function of Lrp5 in bone homeostasis through moderation of osteoclast function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:37:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7fa248de1de64602bd35433008dbf52e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:37:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7fa248de1de64602bd35433008dbf52e2022-12-22T02:11:49ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922022-09-011310.3389/fendo.2022.985304985304Zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of Lrp5 in osteoclast regulationIryna Khrystoforova0Chen Shochat-Carvalho1Ram Harari2Katrin Henke3Katherine Woronowicz4Katherine Woronowicz5Matthew P. Harris6Matthew P. Harris7David Karasik8Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, IsraelAzrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, IsraelAzrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, IsraelDepartment of Orthopedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDepartment of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United StatesDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United StatesDepartment of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United StatesDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United StatesAzrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, IsraelLow-density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 5 (LRP5) functions as a co-receptor for Wnt ligands, controlling expression of genes involved in osteogenesis. In humans, loss-of-function mutations in LRP5 cause Osteoporosis-Pseudoglioma syndrome, a low bone mass disorder, while gain-of-function missense mutations have been observed in individuals with high bone mass. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model for human disease research, as genetic determinants that control bone formation are generally conserved between zebrafish and mammals. We generated lrp5- knock-out zebrafish to study its role in skeletogenesis and homeostasis. Loss of lrp5 in zebrafish leads to craniofacial deformities and low bone mineral density (total body and head) at adult ages. To understand the mechanism and consequences of the observed phenotypes, we performed transcriptome analysis of the cranium of adult lrp5 mutants and siblings. Enrichment analysis revealed upregulation of genes significantly associated with hydrolase activity: mmp9, mmp13a, acp5a. acp5a encodes Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) which is commonly used as an osteoclast marker, while Matrix metalloprotease 9, Mmp9, is known to be secreted by osteoclasts and stimulate bone resorption. These genes point to changes in osteoclast differentiation regulated by lrp5. To analyze these changes functionally, we assessed osteoclast dynamics in mutants and observed increased TRAP staining, significantly larger resorption areas, and developmental skeletal dysmorphologies in the mutant, suggesting higher resorptive activity in the absence of Lrp5 signaling. Our findings support a conserved role of Lrp5 in maintaining bone mineral density and revealed unexpected insights into the function of Lrp5 in bone homeostasis through moderation of osteoclast function.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.985304/fulllrp5zebrafishboneosteoclastosteoporosis |
| spellingShingle | Iryna Khrystoforova Chen Shochat-Carvalho Ram Harari Katrin Henke Katherine Woronowicz Katherine Woronowicz Matthew P. Harris Matthew P. Harris David Karasik Zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of Lrp5 in osteoclast regulation Frontiers in Endocrinology lrp5 zebrafish bone osteoclast osteoporosis |
| title | Zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of Lrp5 in osteoclast regulation |
| title_full | Zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of Lrp5 in osteoclast regulation |
| title_fullStr | Zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of Lrp5 in osteoclast regulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of Lrp5 in osteoclast regulation |
| title_short | Zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of Lrp5 in osteoclast regulation |
| title_sort | zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of lrp5 in osteoclast regulation |
| topic | lrp5 zebrafish bone osteoclast osteoporosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.985304/full |
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