Equine Histoplasmosis in Ethiopia: Phylogenetic Analysis by Sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region of rRNA Genes
Equine histoplasmosis commonly known as epizootic lymphangitis (EL) is a neglected granulomatous disease of equine that is endemic to Ethiopia. It is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum variety farciminosum, a dimorphic fungus that is closely related to H. capsulatum variety capsulatum. The objective o...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.789157/full |
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| author | Gobena Ameni Gobena Ameni Alebachew Messele Kebede Aboma Zewude Aboma Zewude Musse Girma Abdulla Rahel Asfaw Mesfin Mamo Gobena Mesfin Mamo Gobena Martina Kyalo Francesca Stomeo Balako Gumi Teshale Sori |
| author_facet | Gobena Ameni Gobena Ameni Alebachew Messele Kebede Aboma Zewude Aboma Zewude Musse Girma Abdulla Rahel Asfaw Mesfin Mamo Gobena Mesfin Mamo Gobena Martina Kyalo Francesca Stomeo Balako Gumi Teshale Sori |
| author_sort | Gobena Ameni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Equine histoplasmosis commonly known as epizootic lymphangitis (EL) is a neglected granulomatous disease of equine that is endemic to Ethiopia. It is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum variety farciminosum, a dimorphic fungus that is closely related to H. capsulatum variety capsulatum. The objective of this study was to undertake a phylogenetic analysis of H. capsulatum isolated from EL cases of horses in central Ethiopia and evaluate their relationship with H. capsulatum isolates in other countries and/or clades using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rRNA genes. Clinical and mycological examinations, DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Sanger sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis were used for undertaking this study. Additionally, sequence data of Histoplasma isolates were retrieved from GenBank and included for a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. A total of 390 horses were screened for EL and 97 were positive clinically while H. capsulatum was isolated from 60 horses and further confirmed with PCR, of which 54 were sequenced. BLAST analysis of these 54 isolates identified 29 H. capsulatum isolates and 14 isolates from other fungal genera while the remaining 11 samples were deemed insufficient for further downstream analysis. The phylogenetic analysis identified five clades, namely, African, Eurasian, North American 1 and 2, and Latin American A and B. The Ethiopian isolates were closely aggregated with isolates of the Latin American A and Eurasian clades, whereas being distantly related to isolates from North American 1 and 2 clades as well as Latin American B clade. This study highlights the possible origins and transmission routes of Histoplasmosis in Ethiopia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:42:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7fa4692e30e14897806f258a271a769f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:42:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7fa4692e30e14897806f258a271a769f2022-12-22T01:41:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882022-07-011210.3389/fcimb.2022.789157789157Equine Histoplasmosis in Ethiopia: Phylogenetic Analysis by Sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region of rRNA GenesGobena Ameni0Gobena Ameni1Alebachew Messele Kebede2Aboma Zewude3Aboma Zewude4Musse Girma Abdulla5Rahel Asfaw6Mesfin Mamo Gobena7Mesfin Mamo Gobena8Martina Kyalo9Francesca Stomeo10Balako Gumi11Teshale Sori12Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab EmiratesAklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaAklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab EmiratesAklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaAklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaAklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Debre Zeit, EthiopiaCapacity Building, Biosciences for Eastern and Central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub, Nairobi, KenyaCapacity Building, Biosciences for Eastern and Central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub, Nairobi, KenyaAklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Debre Zeit, EthiopiaEquine histoplasmosis commonly known as epizootic lymphangitis (EL) is a neglected granulomatous disease of equine that is endemic to Ethiopia. It is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum variety farciminosum, a dimorphic fungus that is closely related to H. capsulatum variety capsulatum. The objective of this study was to undertake a phylogenetic analysis of H. capsulatum isolated from EL cases of horses in central Ethiopia and evaluate their relationship with H. capsulatum isolates in other countries and/or clades using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rRNA genes. Clinical and mycological examinations, DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Sanger sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis were used for undertaking this study. Additionally, sequence data of Histoplasma isolates were retrieved from GenBank and included for a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. A total of 390 horses were screened for EL and 97 were positive clinically while H. capsulatum was isolated from 60 horses and further confirmed with PCR, of which 54 were sequenced. BLAST analysis of these 54 isolates identified 29 H. capsulatum isolates and 14 isolates from other fungal genera while the remaining 11 samples were deemed insufficient for further downstream analysis. The phylogenetic analysis identified five clades, namely, African, Eurasian, North American 1 and 2, and Latin American A and B. The Ethiopian isolates were closely aggregated with isolates of the Latin American A and Eurasian clades, whereas being distantly related to isolates from North American 1 and 2 clades as well as Latin American B clade. This study highlights the possible origins and transmission routes of Histoplasmosis in Ethiopia.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.789157/fullHistoplasma capsulatuminternal transcribed spacer regionphylogenetic analysisequine histoplasmosisSanger Sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Gobena Ameni Gobena Ameni Alebachew Messele Kebede Aboma Zewude Aboma Zewude Musse Girma Abdulla Rahel Asfaw Mesfin Mamo Gobena Mesfin Mamo Gobena Martina Kyalo Francesca Stomeo Balako Gumi Teshale Sori Equine Histoplasmosis in Ethiopia: Phylogenetic Analysis by Sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region of rRNA Genes Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Histoplasma capsulatum internal transcribed spacer region phylogenetic analysis equine histoplasmosis Sanger Sequencing |
| title | Equine Histoplasmosis in Ethiopia: Phylogenetic Analysis by Sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region of rRNA Genes |
| title_full | Equine Histoplasmosis in Ethiopia: Phylogenetic Analysis by Sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region of rRNA Genes |
| title_fullStr | Equine Histoplasmosis in Ethiopia: Phylogenetic Analysis by Sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region of rRNA Genes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Equine Histoplasmosis in Ethiopia: Phylogenetic Analysis by Sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region of rRNA Genes |
| title_short | Equine Histoplasmosis in Ethiopia: Phylogenetic Analysis by Sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region of rRNA Genes |
| title_sort | equine histoplasmosis in ethiopia phylogenetic analysis by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region of rrna genes |
| topic | Histoplasma capsulatum internal transcribed spacer region phylogenetic analysis equine histoplasmosis Sanger Sequencing |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.789157/full |
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