Establishment of an in vivo rat model for chronic musculoskeletal implant infection
Abstract Background The aim of the study was to establish an experimental chronic musculoskeletal infection model in vivo characterized by (a) a small bacterial inoculum, (b) no general or local signs of infection, (c) several parallels (implants) in each animal and finally (d) a model that is techn...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-020-1546-6 |
| _version_ | 1798034785586642944 |
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| author | Eivind Witsø Linh Hoang Kirsti Løseth Kåre Bergh |
| author_facet | Eivind Witsø Linh Hoang Kirsti Løseth Kåre Bergh |
| author_sort | Eivind Witsø |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The aim of the study was to establish an experimental chronic musculoskeletal infection model in vivo characterized by (a) a small bacterial inoculum, (b) no general or local signs of infection, (c) several parallels (implants) in each animal and finally (d) a model that is technically easy to perform. Methods Bone xenografts with steel plates were implanted intramuscularly in rats. To the xenografts, different inocula of Staphylococcus aureus and two strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis were added. The animals were observed for different time periods before the removal of the xenografts. The xenografts and steel plates were subjected to quantitative bacterial culture after sonication. Additional steel plates were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for visualization of biofilm formation. Results Inoculation of bone grafts with S. aureus did produce a pyogenic infection in all animals. A chronic infection was established in rats where the bone grafts were inoculated with S. epidermidis. A bacterial inoculum of 100 colony-forming units (CFU) of S. epidermidis was adequate as a minimum infective dose. During a period of up until 42 days, the animals infected with S. epidermidis had no general or local signs of infection. According to the results of the quantitative bacterial culture of sonicate fluid and SEM, a biofilm was developed on all implants. Conclusion In the present in vivo model, a very small bacterial inoculum succeeded in establishing a chronic musculoskeletal implant infection where a biofilm was formed on the implants. The experimental model is easy to perform and allows several implants in each animal. The model could be useful for the study of biofilm formation in vivo on different implants and different surfaces. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:49:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7fb43a6154d0480f80d9f28a9b5a0a98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1749-799X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:49:10Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-7fb43a6154d0480f80d9f28a9b5a0a982022-12-22T04:03:55ZengBMCJournal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research1749-799X2020-01-011511810.1186/s13018-020-1546-6Establishment of an in vivo rat model for chronic musculoskeletal implant infectionEivind Witsø0Linh Hoang1Kirsti Løseth2Kåre Bergh3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St Olav’s University HospitalDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyAbstract Background The aim of the study was to establish an experimental chronic musculoskeletal infection model in vivo characterized by (a) a small bacterial inoculum, (b) no general or local signs of infection, (c) several parallels (implants) in each animal and finally (d) a model that is technically easy to perform. Methods Bone xenografts with steel plates were implanted intramuscularly in rats. To the xenografts, different inocula of Staphylococcus aureus and two strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis were added. The animals were observed for different time periods before the removal of the xenografts. The xenografts and steel plates were subjected to quantitative bacterial culture after sonication. Additional steel plates were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for visualization of biofilm formation. Results Inoculation of bone grafts with S. aureus did produce a pyogenic infection in all animals. A chronic infection was established in rats where the bone grafts were inoculated with S. epidermidis. A bacterial inoculum of 100 colony-forming units (CFU) of S. epidermidis was adequate as a minimum infective dose. During a period of up until 42 days, the animals infected with S. epidermidis had no general or local signs of infection. According to the results of the quantitative bacterial culture of sonicate fluid and SEM, a biofilm was developed on all implants. Conclusion In the present in vivo model, a very small bacterial inoculum succeeded in establishing a chronic musculoskeletal implant infection where a biofilm was formed on the implants. The experimental model is easy to perform and allows several implants in each animal. The model could be useful for the study of biofilm formation in vivo on different implants and different surfaces.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-020-1546-6ExperimentalModelInfectionChronicMusculoskeletal |
| spellingShingle | Eivind Witsø Linh Hoang Kirsti Løseth Kåre Bergh Establishment of an in vivo rat model for chronic musculoskeletal implant infection Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research Experimental Model Infection Chronic Musculoskeletal |
| title | Establishment of an in vivo rat model for chronic musculoskeletal implant infection |
| title_full | Establishment of an in vivo rat model for chronic musculoskeletal implant infection |
| title_fullStr | Establishment of an in vivo rat model for chronic musculoskeletal implant infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Establishment of an in vivo rat model for chronic musculoskeletal implant infection |
| title_short | Establishment of an in vivo rat model for chronic musculoskeletal implant infection |
| title_sort | establishment of an in vivo rat model for chronic musculoskeletal implant infection |
| topic | Experimental Model Infection Chronic Musculoskeletal |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-020-1546-6 |
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