Descriptive epidemiological study of South African colorectal cancer patients at a Johannesburg Hospital Academic institution
Background and Aim Epidemiological studies of colorectal cancer (CRC) in South Africa (SA) have been poorly characterized. Black and white SA population groups have demonstrated distinct CRC clinical presentations, suggesting that black SA patients follow a different carcinogenic pathway than their...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-06-01
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| Series: | JGH Open |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.12248 |
| _version_ | 1818948251427012608 |
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| author | Michelle McCabe Yvonne Perner Rindidzani Magobo Sheefa Mirza Clement Penny |
| author_facet | Michelle McCabe Yvonne Perner Rindidzani Magobo Sheefa Mirza Clement Penny |
| author_sort | Michelle McCabe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aim Epidemiological studies of colorectal cancer (CRC) in South Africa (SA) have been poorly characterized. Black and white SA population groups have demonstrated distinct CRC clinical presentations, suggesting that black SA patients follow a different carcinogenic pathway than their white counterparts. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify unique demographic and histopathological features associated with black SA patients to facilitate earlier diagnosis and to improve disease management. Methods This preliminary descriptive epidemiological study included 665 retrospective CRC cases diagnosed between the period 2011 and 2015 at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital. Demographic and histopathological features in black versus other race groups (ORG) were compared, and Student's t‐test, Chi‐square, and Fischer's exact tests were used for statistical analysis. Results Statistical analysis demonstrated that patients with left‐sided tumors of invasive adenocarcinoma were predominantly black and male. These patients were considerably younger when compared to ORG (median 56 vs 62 years, respectively), P < 0.0001. However, no significant propensity for other histological features was illustrated. Polyps were mostly tubular adenomas (51%) and tubulovillous adenomas (TVAs) (44%). TVAs were mostly high‐grade lesions (P < 0.0001) and associated with left‐sided CRC (P = 0.0325). Conclusion These findings verify that black SA CRC patients have an earlier disease onset in comparison to ORG; however, no increased tendency for tumor site, precursor lesion, stage of disease, or gender was evident. Thus, a deeper molecular characterization of CRC is required to understand the underlying causes associated with earlier disease onset in black SA CRC patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T08:43:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7fb7e1d3c2c247978302dfc8c6173851 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2397-9070 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T08:43:50Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JGH Open |
| spelling | doaj.art-7fb7e1d3c2c247978302dfc8c61738512022-12-21T19:46:18ZengWileyJGH Open2397-90702020-06-014336036710.1002/jgh3.12248Descriptive epidemiological study of South African colorectal cancer patients at a Johannesburg Hospital Academic institutionMichelle McCabe0Yvonne Perner1Rindidzani Magobo2Sheefa Mirza3Clement Penny4Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South AfricaDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South AfricaDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South AfricaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South AfricaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South AfricaBackground and Aim Epidemiological studies of colorectal cancer (CRC) in South Africa (SA) have been poorly characterized. Black and white SA population groups have demonstrated distinct CRC clinical presentations, suggesting that black SA patients follow a different carcinogenic pathway than their white counterparts. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify unique demographic and histopathological features associated with black SA patients to facilitate earlier diagnosis and to improve disease management. Methods This preliminary descriptive epidemiological study included 665 retrospective CRC cases diagnosed between the period 2011 and 2015 at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital. Demographic and histopathological features in black versus other race groups (ORG) were compared, and Student's t‐test, Chi‐square, and Fischer's exact tests were used for statistical analysis. Results Statistical analysis demonstrated that patients with left‐sided tumors of invasive adenocarcinoma were predominantly black and male. These patients were considerably younger when compared to ORG (median 56 vs 62 years, respectively), P < 0.0001. However, no significant propensity for other histological features was illustrated. Polyps were mostly tubular adenomas (51%) and tubulovillous adenomas (TVAs) (44%). TVAs were mostly high‐grade lesions (P < 0.0001) and associated with left‐sided CRC (P = 0.0325). Conclusion These findings verify that black SA CRC patients have an earlier disease onset in comparison to ORG; however, no increased tendency for tumor site, precursor lesion, stage of disease, or gender was evident. Thus, a deeper molecular characterization of CRC is required to understand the underlying causes associated with earlier disease onset in black SA CRC patients.https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.12248colorectal cancerdescriptive epidemiologyraceSouth Africa |
| spellingShingle | Michelle McCabe Yvonne Perner Rindidzani Magobo Sheefa Mirza Clement Penny Descriptive epidemiological study of South African colorectal cancer patients at a Johannesburg Hospital Academic institution JGH Open colorectal cancer descriptive epidemiology race South Africa |
| title | Descriptive epidemiological study of South African colorectal cancer patients at a Johannesburg Hospital Academic institution |
| title_full | Descriptive epidemiological study of South African colorectal cancer patients at a Johannesburg Hospital Academic institution |
| title_fullStr | Descriptive epidemiological study of South African colorectal cancer patients at a Johannesburg Hospital Academic institution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Descriptive epidemiological study of South African colorectal cancer patients at a Johannesburg Hospital Academic institution |
| title_short | Descriptive epidemiological study of South African colorectal cancer patients at a Johannesburg Hospital Academic institution |
| title_sort | descriptive epidemiological study of south african colorectal cancer patients at a johannesburg hospital academic institution |
| topic | colorectal cancer descriptive epidemiology race South Africa |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.12248 |
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