The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-Items Expresses Robust Psychometric Properties as an Ideal Shorter Version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 Among Healthy Respondents From Three Continents
To examine the cultural limitations and implications in the applicability of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-items (DASS-8)—a shortened version of the DASS-21 recently introduced in an Arab sample—this study evaluated its psychometric properties, including measurement invariance, among healthy...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-03-01
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.799769/full |
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author | Amira Mohammed Ali Amira Mohammed Ali Hiroaki Hori Yoshiharu Kim Hiroshi Kunugi Hiroshi Kunugi |
author_facet | Amira Mohammed Ali Amira Mohammed Ali Hiroaki Hori Yoshiharu Kim Hiroshi Kunugi Hiroshi Kunugi |
author_sort | Amira Mohammed Ali |
collection | DOAJ |
description | To examine the cultural limitations and implications in the applicability of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-items (DASS-8)—a shortened version of the DASS-21 recently introduced in an Arab sample—this study evaluated its psychometric properties, including measurement invariance, among healthy subjects from the United States, Australia, and Ghana. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed good fit of the DASS-8 relative to a 12-item version (DASS-12). Both the DASS-8 and the DASS-12 were invariant at all levels across genders, employment status, and students vs. non-students. The DASS-8/DASS-12 also expressed invariance at the configural and metric levels across all countries, albeit scalar invariance was not maintained due to misspecification of the factor loadings in the Ghanian sample. Mann–Whitney U test revealed significantly lower levels of mental symptomatology on the DASS measures among Ghanian students than in English-speaking respondents (both students and non-students). The DASS-8 expressed excellent internal consistency (coefficient alpha = 0.89), good convergent validity—noted by high values of item-total correlations (r = 0.87 to 0.88), good predictive validity—indicated by significantly strong correlation with the DASS-21 and its subscales (r = 0.95 to 0.80), and adequate discriminant validity—indicated by heterotrait–monotrait ratio of correlations <0.85. The DASS-8 correlated with the Internet Gaming Disorder-9, the Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Self-Report Scale, and the Individualism and Collectivism Scale/Culture Orientation Scale at the same level as the DASS-21 and the DASS-12, denoting its adequate criterion validity. The DASS-8 can be used as a brief alternative to the DASS-21 to screen for mental symptomatology in English-speaking and African cultures. However, the same scores on the DASS-8 and the DASS-12 may not always indicate the same level of symptom severity in subjects from different countries. Further inter-cultural evaluations of the DASS-8 are needed. |
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language | English |
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publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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spelling | doaj.art-7fbb74c46e3a4f2a8009d16d1067c9d82022-12-22T00:16:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782022-03-011310.3389/fpsyg.2022.799769799769The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-Items Expresses Robust Psychometric Properties as an Ideal Shorter Version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 Among Healthy Respondents From Three ContinentsAmira Mohammed Ali0Amira Mohammed Ali1Hiroaki Hori2Yoshiharu Kim3Hiroshi Kunugi4Hiroshi Kunugi5Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EgyptDepartment of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, JapanTo examine the cultural limitations and implications in the applicability of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-items (DASS-8)—a shortened version of the DASS-21 recently introduced in an Arab sample—this study evaluated its psychometric properties, including measurement invariance, among healthy subjects from the United States, Australia, and Ghana. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed good fit of the DASS-8 relative to a 12-item version (DASS-12). Both the DASS-8 and the DASS-12 were invariant at all levels across genders, employment status, and students vs. non-students. The DASS-8/DASS-12 also expressed invariance at the configural and metric levels across all countries, albeit scalar invariance was not maintained due to misspecification of the factor loadings in the Ghanian sample. Mann–Whitney U test revealed significantly lower levels of mental symptomatology on the DASS measures among Ghanian students than in English-speaking respondents (both students and non-students). The DASS-8 expressed excellent internal consistency (coefficient alpha = 0.89), good convergent validity—noted by high values of item-total correlations (r = 0.87 to 0.88), good predictive validity—indicated by significantly strong correlation with the DASS-21 and its subscales (r = 0.95 to 0.80), and adequate discriminant validity—indicated by heterotrait–monotrait ratio of correlations <0.85. The DASS-8 correlated with the Internet Gaming Disorder-9, the Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Self-Report Scale, and the Individualism and Collectivism Scale/Culture Orientation Scale at the same level as the DASS-21 and the DASS-12, denoting its adequate criterion validity. The DASS-8 can be used as a brief alternative to the DASS-21 to screen for mental symptomatology in English-speaking and African cultures. However, the same scores on the DASS-8 and the DASS-12 may not always indicate the same level of symptom severity in subjects from different countries. Further inter-cultural evaluations of the DASS-8 are needed.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.799769/fullpsychological distress/stress/anxiety/depressionshort form of the depression anxiety stress scale 21 (DASS-21)/depression anxiety stress scale 8-itemsfactorial structure/psychometric properties/predictive validity/convergent validity/validation/measurement invariancehealthy individualsstudentscoronavirus disease 2019/COVID-19 |
spellingShingle | Amira Mohammed Ali Amira Mohammed Ali Hiroaki Hori Yoshiharu Kim Hiroshi Kunugi Hiroshi Kunugi The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-Items Expresses Robust Psychometric Properties as an Ideal Shorter Version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 Among Healthy Respondents From Three Continents Frontiers in Psychology psychological distress/stress/anxiety/depression short form of the depression anxiety stress scale 21 (DASS-21)/depression anxiety stress scale 8-items factorial structure/psychometric properties/predictive validity/convergent validity/validation/measurement invariance healthy individuals students coronavirus disease 2019/COVID-19 |
title | The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-Items Expresses Robust Psychometric Properties as an Ideal Shorter Version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 Among Healthy Respondents From Three Continents |
title_full | The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-Items Expresses Robust Psychometric Properties as an Ideal Shorter Version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 Among Healthy Respondents From Three Continents |
title_fullStr | The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-Items Expresses Robust Psychometric Properties as an Ideal Shorter Version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 Among Healthy Respondents From Three Continents |
title_full_unstemmed | The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-Items Expresses Robust Psychometric Properties as an Ideal Shorter Version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 Among Healthy Respondents From Three Continents |
title_short | The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-Items Expresses Robust Psychometric Properties as an Ideal Shorter Version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 Among Healthy Respondents From Three Continents |
title_sort | depression anxiety stress scale 8 items expresses robust psychometric properties as an ideal shorter version of the depression anxiety stress scale 21 among healthy respondents from three continents |
topic | psychological distress/stress/anxiety/depression short form of the depression anxiety stress scale 21 (DASS-21)/depression anxiety stress scale 8-items factorial structure/psychometric properties/predictive validity/convergent validity/validation/measurement invariance healthy individuals students coronavirus disease 2019/COVID-19 |
url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.799769/full |
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