Determining Immunoglobulin Content of Bovine Colostrum and Factors Affecting the Outcome: A Review
The immunoglobulin concentration in bovine colostrum should be measured to ensure feeding with sufficient immunoglobulins (≥50 mg immunoglobulin G mL<sup>−1</sup>). Adequate feeding prevents diseases, promotes development, and has a positive influence on the adult animal. Indirect and di...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/12/3587 |
| _version_ | 1797506948223991808 |
|---|---|
| author | Johanna Ahmann Julia Steinhoff-Wagner Wolfgang Büscher |
| author_facet | Johanna Ahmann Julia Steinhoff-Wagner Wolfgang Büscher |
| author_sort | Johanna Ahmann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The immunoglobulin concentration in bovine colostrum should be measured to ensure feeding with sufficient immunoglobulins (≥50 mg immunoglobulin G mL<sup>−1</sup>). Adequate feeding prevents diseases, promotes development, and has a positive influence on the adult animal. Indirect and direct measurement methods are available for this purpose. Direct measurement methods cannot be easily used in practice; therefore, farmers use indirect methods such as a colostrometer and a refractometer. Many factors influence the immunoglobulin concentration of colostrum; some of them have already been intensively researched. In particular, lactation and temporal aspects play an essential role. Newer aspects such as dry period, seasonal influences, and genetics are gaining importance, but their impact on immunoglobulin content has not been sufficiently investigated. Developments are still needed, especially in data management. This review analyzes the outcome of different studies on the indirect and direct measurement methods and discusses different factors influencing the immunoglobulin concentration of bovine colostrum. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:39:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7fbd93653e1749e99b55901ba883e5d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:39:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-7fbd93653e1749e99b55901ba883e5d62023-11-23T03:29:19ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-12-011112358710.3390/ani11123587Determining Immunoglobulin Content of Bovine Colostrum and Factors Affecting the Outcome: A ReviewJohanna Ahmann0Julia Steinhoff-Wagner1Wolfgang Büscher2Institute of Agricultural Engineering, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, GermanyInstitute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, GermanyInstitute of Agricultural Engineering, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, GermanyThe immunoglobulin concentration in bovine colostrum should be measured to ensure feeding with sufficient immunoglobulins (≥50 mg immunoglobulin G mL<sup>−1</sup>). Adequate feeding prevents diseases, promotes development, and has a positive influence on the adult animal. Indirect and direct measurement methods are available for this purpose. Direct measurement methods cannot be easily used in practice; therefore, farmers use indirect methods such as a colostrometer and a refractometer. Many factors influence the immunoglobulin concentration of colostrum; some of them have already been intensively researched. In particular, lactation and temporal aspects play an essential role. Newer aspects such as dry period, seasonal influences, and genetics are gaining importance, but their impact on immunoglobulin content has not been sufficiently investigated. Developments are still needed, especially in data management. This review analyzes the outcome of different studies on the indirect and direct measurement methods and discusses different factors influencing the immunoglobulin concentration of bovine colostrum.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/12/3587colostrum qualityrefractometercolostrometercalf husbandryradial immunodiffusioncolostrum management |
| spellingShingle | Johanna Ahmann Julia Steinhoff-Wagner Wolfgang Büscher Determining Immunoglobulin Content of Bovine Colostrum and Factors Affecting the Outcome: A Review Animals colostrum quality refractometer colostrometer calf husbandry radial immunodiffusion colostrum management |
| title | Determining Immunoglobulin Content of Bovine Colostrum and Factors Affecting the Outcome: A Review |
| title_full | Determining Immunoglobulin Content of Bovine Colostrum and Factors Affecting the Outcome: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Determining Immunoglobulin Content of Bovine Colostrum and Factors Affecting the Outcome: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determining Immunoglobulin Content of Bovine Colostrum and Factors Affecting the Outcome: A Review |
| title_short | Determining Immunoglobulin Content of Bovine Colostrum and Factors Affecting the Outcome: A Review |
| title_sort | determining immunoglobulin content of bovine colostrum and factors affecting the outcome a review |
| topic | colostrum quality refractometer colostrometer calf husbandry radial immunodiffusion colostrum management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/12/3587 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT johannaahmann determiningimmunoglobulincontentofbovinecolostrumandfactorsaffectingtheoutcomeareview AT juliasteinhoffwagner determiningimmunoglobulincontentofbovinecolostrumandfactorsaffectingtheoutcomeareview AT wolfgangbuscher determiningimmunoglobulincontentofbovinecolostrumandfactorsaffectingtheoutcomeareview |