Antagonistic functions of CTL1 and SUH1 mediate cell wall assembly in Arabidopsis
Abstract Plant genomes contain numerous genes encoding chitinase‐like (CTL) proteins, which have a similar protein structure to chitinase belonging to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family but lack the chitinolytic activity to cleave the β‐1,4‐glycosidic bond in chitins, polymers of N‐acetylglucosamin...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-03-01
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Series: | Plant Direct |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/pld3.580 |
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author | Nguyen Thi Thuy Hyun‐Jung Kim Suk‐Whan Hong |
author_facet | Nguyen Thi Thuy Hyun‐Jung Kim Suk‐Whan Hong |
author_sort | Nguyen Thi Thuy |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Abstract Plant genomes contain numerous genes encoding chitinase‐like (CTL) proteins, which have a similar protein structure to chitinase belonging to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family but lack the chitinolytic activity to cleave the β‐1,4‐glycosidic bond in chitins, polymers of N‐acetylglucosamine. CTL1 mutations found in rice and Arabidopsis have caused pleiotropic developmental defects, including altered cell wall composition and decreased abiotic stress tolerance, likely due to reduced cellulose content. In this study, we identified suppressor of hot2 1 (suh1) as a genetic suppressor of the ctl1hot2‐1 mutation in Arabidopsis. The mutation in SUH1 restored almost all examined ctl1hot2‐1 defects to nearly wild‐type levels or at least partially. SUH1 encodes a Golgi‐located type II membrane protein with glycosyltransferase (GT) activity, and its mutations lead to a reduction in cellulose content and hypersensitivity to cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors, although to a lesser extent than ctl1hot2‐1 mutation. The SUH1 promoter fused with the GUS reporter gene exhibited GUS activity in interfascicular fibers and xylem in stems; meanwhile, the ctl1hot2‐1 mutation significantly increased this activity. Our findings provide genetic and molecular evidence that the antagonistic activities of CTL1 and SUH1 play an essential role in assembling the cell wall in Arabidopsis. |
first_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:46:22Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-7fcccccbcde24aa9af46a22e0599dfcb |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2475-4455 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:46:22Z |
publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
publisher | Wiley |
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series | Plant Direct |
spelling | doaj.art-7fcccccbcde24aa9af46a22e0599dfcb2024-03-25T07:04:33ZengWileyPlant Direct2475-44552024-03-0183n/an/a10.1002/pld3.580Antagonistic functions of CTL1 and SUH1 mediate cell wall assembly in ArabidopsisNguyen Thi Thuy0Hyun‐Jung Kim1Suk‐Whan Hong2Department of the Integrative Food, Bioscience, and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Chonnam National University Gwangju KoreaDepartment of the Integrative Food, Bioscience, and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Chonnam National University Gwangju KoreaDepartment of the Integrative Food, Bioscience, and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Chonnam National University Gwangju KoreaAbstract Plant genomes contain numerous genes encoding chitinase‐like (CTL) proteins, which have a similar protein structure to chitinase belonging to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family but lack the chitinolytic activity to cleave the β‐1,4‐glycosidic bond in chitins, polymers of N‐acetylglucosamine. CTL1 mutations found in rice and Arabidopsis have caused pleiotropic developmental defects, including altered cell wall composition and decreased abiotic stress tolerance, likely due to reduced cellulose content. In this study, we identified suppressor of hot2 1 (suh1) as a genetic suppressor of the ctl1hot2‐1 mutation in Arabidopsis. The mutation in SUH1 restored almost all examined ctl1hot2‐1 defects to nearly wild‐type levels or at least partially. SUH1 encodes a Golgi‐located type II membrane protein with glycosyltransferase (GT) activity, and its mutations lead to a reduction in cellulose content and hypersensitivity to cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors, although to a lesser extent than ctl1hot2‐1 mutation. The SUH1 promoter fused with the GUS reporter gene exhibited GUS activity in interfascicular fibers and xylem in stems; meanwhile, the ctl1hot2‐1 mutation significantly increased this activity. Our findings provide genetic and molecular evidence that the antagonistic activities of CTL1 and SUH1 play an essential role in assembling the cell wall in Arabidopsis.https://doi.org/10.1002/pld3.580cell wallchitinase‐like proteinDomain of Unknown Function 266 (DUF266)genetic suppressionglycosyltransferaseGolgi complex |
spellingShingle | Nguyen Thi Thuy Hyun‐Jung Kim Suk‐Whan Hong Antagonistic functions of CTL1 and SUH1 mediate cell wall assembly in Arabidopsis Plant Direct cell wall chitinase‐like protein Domain of Unknown Function 266 (DUF266) genetic suppression glycosyltransferase Golgi complex |
title | Antagonistic functions of CTL1 and SUH1 mediate cell wall assembly in Arabidopsis |
title_full | Antagonistic functions of CTL1 and SUH1 mediate cell wall assembly in Arabidopsis |
title_fullStr | Antagonistic functions of CTL1 and SUH1 mediate cell wall assembly in Arabidopsis |
title_full_unstemmed | Antagonistic functions of CTL1 and SUH1 mediate cell wall assembly in Arabidopsis |
title_short | Antagonistic functions of CTL1 and SUH1 mediate cell wall assembly in Arabidopsis |
title_sort | antagonistic functions of ctl1 and suh1 mediate cell wall assembly in arabidopsis |
topic | cell wall chitinase‐like protein Domain of Unknown Function 266 (DUF266) genetic suppression glycosyltransferase Golgi complex |
url | https://doi.org/10.1002/pld3.580 |
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