Targets Exploration of Hydroxychloroquine for Pigmentation and Cell Protection Effect in Melanocytes: The Clue for Vitiligo Treatment
Bo Xie,1,* Yi Chen,2,* Yebei Hu,2 Yan Zhao,2 Haixin Luo,2 Jinhui Xu,1 Xiuzu Song1 1Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China; 2Department...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2022-04-01
|
| Series: | Drug Design, Development and Therapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/targets-exploration-of-hydroxychloroquine-for-pigmentation-and-cell-pr-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DDDT |
| _version_ | 1811271910558793728 |
|---|---|
| author | Xie B Chen Y Hu Y Zhao Y Luo H Xu J Song X |
| author_facet | Xie B Chen Y Hu Y Zhao Y Luo H Xu J Song X |
| author_sort | Xie B |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bo Xie,1,* Yi Chen,2,* Yebei Hu,2 Yan Zhao,2 Haixin Luo,2 Jinhui Xu,1 Xiuzu Song1 1Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiuzu Song, Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, West Lake Road 38, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-571-87823102, Email songxiuzu@sina.comObjective: The treatment of vitiligo is often challenging to dermatologists. There is ample evidence to suggest that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is effective for vitiligo treatment; nonetheless, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, we sought to uncover the molecular targets of HCQ by an integrated network-based pharmacologic and transcriptomic approach.Methods: The potential targets of HCQ were retrieved from databases based on the crystal structure. Targets related to vitiligo were screened and intersected with potential targets of HCQ. A protein-protein interaction network of the intersected targets was generated. Interactions between the targets were verified by molecular docking. Moreover, human vitiligo immortalized melanocytes (PIG3V) were evaluated after treatment with HCQ (1μg/mL) for 24h. The total RNA of PIG3V was extracted and determined by RNA-seq transcriptomics for differential gene expression analysis. Network pharmacology was then used to identify the relationships between putative targets of HCQ and differentially expressed genes.Results: Molecular docking analysis revealed four putative key targets (ACHE, PNMT, MC1R, and VDR) of HCQ played important roles in vitiligo treatment. According to the transcriptomic results, the melanosomal biogenesis-related gene BLOC1S5 was upregulated 138005.020 fold after HCQ treatment. Genes related to protein repair (MSRB3) and anti-ultraviolet (UV) effect (UVSSA) were upregulated 4.253 and 2.603 fold, respectively, after HCQ treatment.Conclusion: The expression of the BLOC1S5 gene is significantly upregulated, indicating upregulated melanosomal biogenesis after HCQ treatment. In addition, HCQ yields a protective effect on melanocytes by upregulating genes associated with damaged protein repair (MSRB3) and anti-UV effect (UVSSA). The protective effects of HCQ are mediated by binding to putative targets ACHE, PNMT, MC1R, and VDR according to network pharmacology and docking verification.Keywords: vitiligo, hydroxychloroquine, treatment, pigmentation, melanocyte protection |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:30:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7feda5dd5cbb4bc7b78902bb88a52396 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1177-8881 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:30:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Drug Design, Development and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-7feda5dd5cbb4bc7b78902bb88a523962022-12-22T03:13:59ZengDove Medical PressDrug Design, Development and Therapy1177-88812022-04-01Volume 161011102474238Targets Exploration of Hydroxychloroquine for Pigmentation and Cell Protection Effect in Melanocytes: The Clue for Vitiligo TreatmentXie BChen YHu YZhao YLuo HXu JSong XBo Xie,1,* Yi Chen,2,* Yebei Hu,2 Yan Zhao,2 Haixin Luo,2 Jinhui Xu,1 Xiuzu Song1 1Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiuzu Song, Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, West Lake Road 38, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-571-87823102, Email songxiuzu@sina.comObjective: The treatment of vitiligo is often challenging to dermatologists. There is ample evidence to suggest that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is effective for vitiligo treatment; nonetheless, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, we sought to uncover the molecular targets of HCQ by an integrated network-based pharmacologic and transcriptomic approach.Methods: The potential targets of HCQ were retrieved from databases based on the crystal structure. Targets related to vitiligo were screened and intersected with potential targets of HCQ. A protein-protein interaction network of the intersected targets was generated. Interactions between the targets were verified by molecular docking. Moreover, human vitiligo immortalized melanocytes (PIG3V) were evaluated after treatment with HCQ (1μg/mL) for 24h. The total RNA of PIG3V was extracted and determined by RNA-seq transcriptomics for differential gene expression analysis. Network pharmacology was then used to identify the relationships between putative targets of HCQ and differentially expressed genes.Results: Molecular docking analysis revealed four putative key targets (ACHE, PNMT, MC1R, and VDR) of HCQ played important roles in vitiligo treatment. According to the transcriptomic results, the melanosomal biogenesis-related gene BLOC1S5 was upregulated 138005.020 fold after HCQ treatment. Genes related to protein repair (MSRB3) and anti-ultraviolet (UV) effect (UVSSA) were upregulated 4.253 and 2.603 fold, respectively, after HCQ treatment.Conclusion: The expression of the BLOC1S5 gene is significantly upregulated, indicating upregulated melanosomal biogenesis after HCQ treatment. In addition, HCQ yields a protective effect on melanocytes by upregulating genes associated with damaged protein repair (MSRB3) and anti-UV effect (UVSSA). The protective effects of HCQ are mediated by binding to putative targets ACHE, PNMT, MC1R, and VDR according to network pharmacology and docking verification.Keywords: vitiligo, hydroxychloroquine, treatment, pigmentation, melanocyte protectionhttps://www.dovepress.com/targets-exploration-of-hydroxychloroquine-for-pigmentation-and-cell-pr-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DDDTvitiligohydroxychloroquinetreatmentpigmentationmelanocyte protection |
| spellingShingle | Xie B Chen Y Hu Y Zhao Y Luo H Xu J Song X Targets Exploration of Hydroxychloroquine for Pigmentation and Cell Protection Effect in Melanocytes: The Clue for Vitiligo Treatment Drug Design, Development and Therapy vitiligo hydroxychloroquine treatment pigmentation melanocyte protection |
| title | Targets Exploration of Hydroxychloroquine for Pigmentation and Cell Protection Effect in Melanocytes: The Clue for Vitiligo Treatment |
| title_full | Targets Exploration of Hydroxychloroquine for Pigmentation and Cell Protection Effect in Melanocytes: The Clue for Vitiligo Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Targets Exploration of Hydroxychloroquine for Pigmentation and Cell Protection Effect in Melanocytes: The Clue for Vitiligo Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Targets Exploration of Hydroxychloroquine for Pigmentation and Cell Protection Effect in Melanocytes: The Clue for Vitiligo Treatment |
| title_short | Targets Exploration of Hydroxychloroquine for Pigmentation and Cell Protection Effect in Melanocytes: The Clue for Vitiligo Treatment |
| title_sort | targets exploration of hydroxychloroquine for pigmentation and cell protection effect in melanocytes the clue for vitiligo treatment |
| topic | vitiligo hydroxychloroquine treatment pigmentation melanocyte protection |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/targets-exploration-of-hydroxychloroquine-for-pigmentation-and-cell-pr-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DDDT |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xieb targetsexplorationofhydroxychloroquineforpigmentationandcellprotectioneffectinmelanocytestheclueforvitiligotreatment AT cheny targetsexplorationofhydroxychloroquineforpigmentationandcellprotectioneffectinmelanocytestheclueforvitiligotreatment AT huy targetsexplorationofhydroxychloroquineforpigmentationandcellprotectioneffectinmelanocytestheclueforvitiligotreatment AT zhaoy targetsexplorationofhydroxychloroquineforpigmentationandcellprotectioneffectinmelanocytestheclueforvitiligotreatment AT luoh targetsexplorationofhydroxychloroquineforpigmentationandcellprotectioneffectinmelanocytestheclueforvitiligotreatment AT xuj targetsexplorationofhydroxychloroquineforpigmentationandcellprotectioneffectinmelanocytestheclueforvitiligotreatment AT songx targetsexplorationofhydroxychloroquineforpigmentationandcellprotectioneffectinmelanocytestheclueforvitiligotreatment |