Increased Household Income Improves Nutrient Consumption in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study
The provision of high-quality food is a primary factor in ensuring adequate nourishment and preventing malnourishment-related diseases in Pakistan. This study, therefore, aimed to quantify the impact of income on nutrient consumption in Pakistan, with the hypothesis that income has a primary role in...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-08-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.672754/full |
| _version_ | 1818891359204933632 |
|---|---|
| author | Nadia Shabnam Muhammad Azeem Ashraf Rizwan Ahmed Laar Rizwana Ashraf |
| author_facet | Nadia Shabnam Muhammad Azeem Ashraf Rizwan Ahmed Laar Rizwana Ashraf |
| author_sort | Nadia Shabnam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The provision of high-quality food is a primary factor in ensuring adequate nourishment and preventing malnourishment-related diseases in Pakistan. This study, therefore, aimed to quantify the impact of income on nutrient consumption in Pakistan, with the hypothesis that income has a primary role in reducing malnourishment in the developing world. To do this, we estimated nutrient–income elasticity—defined as the proportion of change in nutrient consumption in response to a change in income—for total calories, macronutrients, and micronutrients, using the nationally representative Household Integrated Economic Survey data (2010–2011) for Pakistan. Nutrient–income elasticity values were derived using several parametric regression approaches. We also assessed the non-linearity and endogeneity of the relationship. Calorie–income elasticity was found to be significantly different from zero, irrespective of the estimation technique used. Income elasticity for macronutrients and micronutrients was also found to be significantly different from zero, ranging from 0.29 to 0.65. This study, therefore, supports the hypothesis that increased household income likely improves nutrient consumption. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T17:39:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7ffe4f7d93704aefaac05fc714bac2c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T17:39:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-7ffe4f7d93704aefaac05fc714bac2c22022-12-21T20:12:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2021-08-01810.3389/fnut.2021.672754672754Increased Household Income Improves Nutrient Consumption in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional StudyNadia Shabnam0Muhammad Azeem Ashraf1Rizwan Ahmed Laar2Rizwana Ashraf3Department of Health Profession Education, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, PakistanResearch Institute of Education Science, Hunan University, Changsha, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, ChinaDepartment of Education, University of Lahore, Lahore, PakistanThe provision of high-quality food is a primary factor in ensuring adequate nourishment and preventing malnourishment-related diseases in Pakistan. This study, therefore, aimed to quantify the impact of income on nutrient consumption in Pakistan, with the hypothesis that income has a primary role in reducing malnourishment in the developing world. To do this, we estimated nutrient–income elasticity—defined as the proportion of change in nutrient consumption in response to a change in income—for total calories, macronutrients, and micronutrients, using the nationally representative Household Integrated Economic Survey data (2010–2011) for Pakistan. Nutrient–income elasticity values were derived using several parametric regression approaches. We also assessed the non-linearity and endogeneity of the relationship. Calorie–income elasticity was found to be significantly different from zero, irrespective of the estimation technique used. Income elasticity for macronutrients and micronutrients was also found to be significantly different from zero, ranging from 0.29 to 0.65. This study, therefore, supports the hypothesis that increased household income likely improves nutrient consumption.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.672754/fullnutrients consumptionincome elasticityparametric methodsnutrients-income relationshipPakistan |
| spellingShingle | Nadia Shabnam Muhammad Azeem Ashraf Rizwan Ahmed Laar Rizwana Ashraf Increased Household Income Improves Nutrient Consumption in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study Frontiers in Nutrition nutrients consumption income elasticity parametric methods nutrients-income relationship Pakistan |
| title | Increased Household Income Improves Nutrient Consumption in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Increased Household Income Improves Nutrient Consumption in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Increased Household Income Improves Nutrient Consumption in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increased Household Income Improves Nutrient Consumption in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Increased Household Income Improves Nutrient Consumption in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | increased household income improves nutrient consumption in pakistan a cross sectional study |
| topic | nutrients consumption income elasticity parametric methods nutrients-income relationship Pakistan |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.672754/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nadiashabnam increasedhouseholdincomeimprovesnutrientconsumptioninpakistanacrosssectionalstudy AT muhammadazeemashraf increasedhouseholdincomeimprovesnutrientconsumptioninpakistanacrosssectionalstudy AT rizwanahmedlaar increasedhouseholdincomeimprovesnutrientconsumptioninpakistanacrosssectionalstudy AT rizwanaashraf increasedhouseholdincomeimprovesnutrientconsumptioninpakistanacrosssectionalstudy |