Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability among Healthcare Workers in Kenya—A Mixed Methods Analysis
Healthcare workers (HCWs) were a priority group for COVID-19 vaccination. Adopting the World Health Organization’s 3C and the expanded 5C vaccine hesitancy models, we assessed the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among HCWs in Kenya. In a mixed methods study, respondents were f...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/8/1290 |
| _version_ | 1797583073421819904 |
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| author | Victor Mudhune Ken Ondeng’e Fanuel Otieno Derick B. Otieno Collins M. Bulinda Ikechukwu Okpe Sarah Nabia Naor Bar-Zeev Omondi Otieno Chizoba Wonodi |
| author_facet | Victor Mudhune Ken Ondeng’e Fanuel Otieno Derick B. Otieno Collins M. Bulinda Ikechukwu Okpe Sarah Nabia Naor Bar-Zeev Omondi Otieno Chizoba Wonodi |
| author_sort | Victor Mudhune |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Healthcare workers (HCWs) were a priority group for COVID-19 vaccination. Adopting the World Health Organization’s 3C and the expanded 5C vaccine hesitancy models, we assessed the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among HCWs in Kenya. In a mixed methods study, respondents were from eight selected counties across the country. An online survey (n = 746), key informant interviews (n = 18) and focus group discussions (n = 3) were conducted. The data were analyzed concurrently. Quantitative data showed that all the 3C antecedents were strong predictors of vaccine acceptability. The association of vaccine acceptability was strongest with convenience (aOR 20.13, 95% CI 9.01–44.96), then complacency (aOR 10.15, 95% CI 4.63–22.21) and confidence (aOR 6.37, 95% CI 2.90–14.02). Marital status was a significant independent factor associated with vaccine acceptability (aOR 2.70, 95% CI 1.20–6.08). Qualitatively, convenience presented as the no-cost availability of vaccines at the health facilities, whereas non-complacency manifested from the first-hand observed experience of COVID cases, and the need to protect oneself and family members. Confidence was mainly attributed to increased knowledge, resulting from multiple training sessions and trust in regulatory authorities. Other social factors including workplace pressure, religion and misinformation had a role in influencing HCW vaccination decisions. In the background of a pandemic, the 3C model is a strong predictor of vaccine acceptability, and making the vaccines easily available and convenient to HCWs significantly impacts their uptake. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:31:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-80024c77230346c38591a08ca6bccd9d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:31:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-80024c77230346c38591a08ca6bccd9d2023-11-19T03:17:00ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-07-01118129010.3390/vaccines11081290Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability among Healthcare Workers in Kenya—A Mixed Methods AnalysisVictor Mudhune0Ken Ondeng’e1Fanuel Otieno2Derick B. Otieno3Collins M. Bulinda4Ikechukwu Okpe5Sarah Nabia6Naor Bar-Zeev7Omondi Otieno8Chizoba Wonodi9Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Global Health Research, Kisumu P.O. Box 1578-40100, KenyaKenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Global Health Research, Kisumu P.O. Box 1578-40100, KenyaCapacities for Health and Social Policy, Nairobi P.O. Box 32175-00800, KenyaCapacities for Health and Social Policy, Nairobi P.O. Box 32175-00800, KenyaCapacities for Health and Social Policy, Nairobi P.O. Box 32175-00800, KenyaDirect Consulting and Logistics, Abuja 904101, NigeriaInternational Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USAInternational Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USACapacities for Health and Social Policy, Nairobi P.O. Box 32175-00800, KenyaInternational Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USAHealthcare workers (HCWs) were a priority group for COVID-19 vaccination. Adopting the World Health Organization’s 3C and the expanded 5C vaccine hesitancy models, we assessed the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among HCWs in Kenya. In a mixed methods study, respondents were from eight selected counties across the country. An online survey (n = 746), key informant interviews (n = 18) and focus group discussions (n = 3) were conducted. The data were analyzed concurrently. Quantitative data showed that all the 3C antecedents were strong predictors of vaccine acceptability. The association of vaccine acceptability was strongest with convenience (aOR 20.13, 95% CI 9.01–44.96), then complacency (aOR 10.15, 95% CI 4.63–22.21) and confidence (aOR 6.37, 95% CI 2.90–14.02). Marital status was a significant independent factor associated with vaccine acceptability (aOR 2.70, 95% CI 1.20–6.08). Qualitatively, convenience presented as the no-cost availability of vaccines at the health facilities, whereas non-complacency manifested from the first-hand observed experience of COVID cases, and the need to protect oneself and family members. Confidence was mainly attributed to increased knowledge, resulting from multiple training sessions and trust in regulatory authorities. Other social factors including workplace pressure, religion and misinformation had a role in influencing HCW vaccination decisions. In the background of a pandemic, the 3C model is a strong predictor of vaccine acceptability, and making the vaccines easily available and convenient to HCWs significantly impacts their uptake.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/8/1290COVID-19vaccinationvaccine acceptance3C modelhealthcare workersKenya |
| spellingShingle | Victor Mudhune Ken Ondeng’e Fanuel Otieno Derick B. Otieno Collins M. Bulinda Ikechukwu Okpe Sarah Nabia Naor Bar-Zeev Omondi Otieno Chizoba Wonodi Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability among Healthcare Workers in Kenya—A Mixed Methods Analysis Vaccines COVID-19 vaccination vaccine acceptance 3C model healthcare workers Kenya |
| title | Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability among Healthcare Workers in Kenya—A Mixed Methods Analysis |
| title_full | Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability among Healthcare Workers in Kenya—A Mixed Methods Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability among Healthcare Workers in Kenya—A Mixed Methods Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability among Healthcare Workers in Kenya—A Mixed Methods Analysis |
| title_short | Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability among Healthcare Workers in Kenya—A Mixed Methods Analysis |
| title_sort | determinants of covid 19 vaccine acceptability among healthcare workers in kenya a mixed methods analysis |
| topic | COVID-19 vaccination vaccine acceptance 3C model healthcare workers Kenya |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/8/1290 |
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