300 mA LDO Using 0.94 μA <italic>I<sub>Q</sub></italic> With an Additional Feedback Path for Buffer Turn-off Under Light-Load Conditions
This paper proposes a 300 mA low-dropout (LDO) regulator using an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{Q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of only <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.94~\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inl...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2021-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9388693/ |
| _version_ | 1818947015777714176 |
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| author | Inho Jeon Tian Guo Jeongjin Roh |
| author_facet | Inho Jeon Tian Guo Jeongjin Roh |
| author_sort | Inho Jeon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper proposes a 300 mA low-dropout (LDO) regulator using an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{Q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of only <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.94~\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which has the advantage of minimizing power consumption in the standby mode of a battery-based system. The LDO uses a source follower buffer with dynamic biasing to maintain loop stability and load transient response performance. Under light-load conditions, the buffer enters a fully-off state because there is a sub-nA bias current. Therefore, the LDO uses a dual output operational transconductance amplifier (DO-OTA) for operation under light-load conditions. The second output of the DO-OTA for light-load operation in the LDO forms an additional feedback path instead of the fully-off buffer. The second output of the DO-OTA is designed to consume a current lower than the bias current of the buffer while operating. Furthermore, the buffer in the LDO is designed for operation above 5 mA <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. While the buffer is operating, the dynamic biasing current of the buffer is used as the second output of the DO-OTA. The second output of the DO-OTA has lower output impedance characteristics than its main output, so the LDO can secure loop stability under light-load conditions by lowering the DC gain. As a result, the LDO exhibits load transient response performance up to 300 mA by using a minimal <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{Q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> under the no-load condition. The LDO is based on a 180 nm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCDMOS) process and covers an area of approximately <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$256 \times 143 \mu \text {m}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The measured <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{Q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.94~\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> under the no-load condition with a maximum load current of 300 mA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T08:24:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-801258ad1c7246d880b49bb710561199 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T08:24:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-801258ad1c7246d880b49bb7105611992022-12-21T19:46:53ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362021-01-019517845179210.1109/ACCESS.2021.30693169388693300 mA LDO Using 0.94 μA <italic>I<sub>Q</sub></italic> With an Additional Feedback Path for Buffer Turn-off Under Light-Load ConditionsInho Jeon0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9821-3877Tian Guo1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7647-3600Jeongjin Roh2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6930-8183Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South KoreaThis paper proposes a 300 mA low-dropout (LDO) regulator using an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{Q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of only <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.94~\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which has the advantage of minimizing power consumption in the standby mode of a battery-based system. The LDO uses a source follower buffer with dynamic biasing to maintain loop stability and load transient response performance. Under light-load conditions, the buffer enters a fully-off state because there is a sub-nA bias current. Therefore, the LDO uses a dual output operational transconductance amplifier (DO-OTA) for operation under light-load conditions. The second output of the DO-OTA for light-load operation in the LDO forms an additional feedback path instead of the fully-off buffer. The second output of the DO-OTA is designed to consume a current lower than the bias current of the buffer while operating. Furthermore, the buffer in the LDO is designed for operation above 5 mA <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. While the buffer is operating, the dynamic biasing current of the buffer is used as the second output of the DO-OTA. The second output of the DO-OTA has lower output impedance characteristics than its main output, so the LDO can secure loop stability under light-load conditions by lowering the DC gain. As a result, the LDO exhibits load transient response performance up to 300 mA by using a minimal <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{Q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> under the no-load condition. The LDO is based on a 180 nm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCDMOS) process and covers an area of approximately <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$256 \times 143 \mu \text {m}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The measured <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{Q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.94~\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> under the no-load condition with a maximum load current of 300 mA.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9388693/LDO regulatorDO-OTAadaptive biasingdynamic biasingsource followerlow-<italic xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">IQ</italic> |
| spellingShingle | Inho Jeon Tian Guo Jeongjin Roh 300 mA LDO Using 0.94 μA <italic>I<sub>Q</sub></italic> With an Additional Feedback Path for Buffer Turn-off Under Light-Load Conditions IEEE Access LDO regulator DO-OTA adaptive biasing dynamic biasing source follower low-<italic xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">IQ</italic> |
| title | 300 mA LDO Using 0.94 μA <italic>I<sub>Q</sub></italic> With an Additional Feedback Path for Buffer Turn-off Under Light-Load Conditions |
| title_full | 300 mA LDO Using 0.94 μA <italic>I<sub>Q</sub></italic> With an Additional Feedback Path for Buffer Turn-off Under Light-Load Conditions |
| title_fullStr | 300 mA LDO Using 0.94 μA <italic>I<sub>Q</sub></italic> With an Additional Feedback Path for Buffer Turn-off Under Light-Load Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | 300 mA LDO Using 0.94 μA <italic>I<sub>Q</sub></italic> With an Additional Feedback Path for Buffer Turn-off Under Light-Load Conditions |
| title_short | 300 mA LDO Using 0.94 μA <italic>I<sub>Q</sub></italic> With an Additional Feedback Path for Buffer Turn-off Under Light-Load Conditions |
| title_sort | 300 ma ldo using 0 94 x03bc a italic i sub q sub italic with an additional feedback path for buffer turn off under light load conditions |
| topic | LDO regulator DO-OTA adaptive biasing dynamic biasing source follower low-<italic xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">IQ</italic> |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9388693/ |
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