Characteristics and utilization of black soils in Indonesia
Black soils store a high amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) and play a crucial role in climate change, food security, and land degradation neutrality. However, data and information regarding black soils in tropical regions, including Indonesia, are limited. This study aimed to characterize and iden...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sebelas Maret University
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Sains Tanah: Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/tanah/article/view/70343 |
| _version_ | 1797779127275618304 |
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| author | Yiyi Sulaeman Sukarman Sukarman Risma Neswati Nurdin Nurdin Tony Basuki |
| author_facet | Yiyi Sulaeman Sukarman Sukarman Risma Neswati Nurdin Nurdin Tony Basuki |
| author_sort | Yiyi Sulaeman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Black soils store a high amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) and play a crucial role in climate change, food security, and land degradation neutrality. However, data and information regarding black soils in tropical regions, including Indonesia, are limited. This study aimed to characterize and identify the utilization of black soils in Indonesia based on legacy soil survey data. We collated 142 soil pedon samples of Mollisols from articles, technical reports, and existing datasets. The site information (site position, elevation, land use type, parent material) and selected physicochemical properties were stored in a spreadsheet, from which exploratory data analysis was conducted. The result showed that the median SOC content was 1.53%, ranging from 0.6 to 8.2 %; cation exchange capacity was 30 cmol kg-1, ranging from 9 to 95 cmol kg-1; base saturation was 87%, ranging from 11 to 100 %; and bulk density was 1.21 g cm-3, ranging from 1.13 to 1.36 g cm-3. Other soil characteristics (particle size distribution, exchangeable bases, pH, pore, and water retention) varied with horizon type and land use/land cover. The black soils have been used for paddy fields, dryland farming, and gardens with low management intensity. Main cultivated crops include rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays), cassava (Manihot esculenta), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), coconut (Cocos nucifera), and cocoa (Theobroma cocoa). Threats to black soil functions include soil erosion, carbon loss, and nutrient imbalance. Soil and water conservation measures, integrated soil nutrient management, and agroforestry are among the best land management practices for black soils. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:27:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8019de50ea6e43e1988982ed5345feb0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1412-3606 2356-1424 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:27:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Sebelas Maret University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sains Tanah: Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8019de50ea6e43e1988982ed5345feb02023-07-16T08:47:46ZengSebelas Maret UniversitySains Tanah: Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology1412-36062356-14242023-06-0120111412310.20961/stjssa.v20i1.7034338683Characteristics and utilization of black soils in IndonesiaYiyi Sulaeman0Sukarman Sukarman1Risma Neswati2Nurdin Nurdin3Tony Basuki4Research Center for Food Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation AgencyResearch Center for Food Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation AgencyDepartment of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin UniversityFaculty of Agriculture, Gorontalo State UniversityResearch Center for Food Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation AgencyBlack soils store a high amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) and play a crucial role in climate change, food security, and land degradation neutrality. However, data and information regarding black soils in tropical regions, including Indonesia, are limited. This study aimed to characterize and identify the utilization of black soils in Indonesia based on legacy soil survey data. We collated 142 soil pedon samples of Mollisols from articles, technical reports, and existing datasets. The site information (site position, elevation, land use type, parent material) and selected physicochemical properties were stored in a spreadsheet, from which exploratory data analysis was conducted. The result showed that the median SOC content was 1.53%, ranging from 0.6 to 8.2 %; cation exchange capacity was 30 cmol kg-1, ranging from 9 to 95 cmol kg-1; base saturation was 87%, ranging from 11 to 100 %; and bulk density was 1.21 g cm-3, ranging from 1.13 to 1.36 g cm-3. Other soil characteristics (particle size distribution, exchangeable bases, pH, pore, and water retention) varied with horizon type and land use/land cover. The black soils have been used for paddy fields, dryland farming, and gardens with low management intensity. Main cultivated crops include rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays), cassava (Manihot esculenta), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), coconut (Cocos nucifera), and cocoa (Theobroma cocoa). Threats to black soil functions include soil erosion, carbon loss, and nutrient imbalance. Soil and water conservation measures, integrated soil nutrient management, and agroforestry are among the best land management practices for black soils.https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/tanah/article/view/70343black soilsland usemollisolssoil organic carbonsoil characteristics |
| spellingShingle | Yiyi Sulaeman Sukarman Sukarman Risma Neswati Nurdin Nurdin Tony Basuki Characteristics and utilization of black soils in Indonesia Sains Tanah: Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology black soils land use mollisols soil organic carbon soil characteristics |
| title | Characteristics and utilization of black soils in Indonesia |
| title_full | Characteristics and utilization of black soils in Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics and utilization of black soils in Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics and utilization of black soils in Indonesia |
| title_short | Characteristics and utilization of black soils in Indonesia |
| title_sort | characteristics and utilization of black soils in indonesia |
| topic | black soils land use mollisols soil organic carbon soil characteristics |
| url | https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/tanah/article/view/70343 |
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