Protein Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines as Biomarkers of <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Infection and BCG Vaccination in Cattle

Protein Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines as Biomarkers of <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Infection and BCG Vaccination in Cattle

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i>, is a globally prevalent infectious disease with significant animal welfare and economic impact. Difficulties in implementing test-and-slaughter measures in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and the underperformance o...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hamza Khalid, Anouk van Hooij, Timothy K. Connelley, Annemieke Geluk, Jayne C. Hope
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-06-01
Series:Pathogens
Subjects:
BCG
biomarkers
bovine tuberculosis
cytokines
chemokines
diagnostics
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/7/738

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