Post-vaccination serum cytokines levels correlate with breakthrough influenza infections
Abstract Post-vaccination cytokine levels from 256 young adults who subsequently suffered breakthrough influenza infections were compared with matched controls. Modulation within the immune system is important for eliciting a protective response, and the optimal response differs according to vaccine...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28295-8 |
| _version_ | 1797945884720234496 |
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| author | Weichun Tang Hang Xie Zhiping Ye Angelia A. Eick-Cost Mark Scheckelhoff Courtney E. Gustin Jay H. Bream Ewan P. Plant |
| author_facet | Weichun Tang Hang Xie Zhiping Ye Angelia A. Eick-Cost Mark Scheckelhoff Courtney E. Gustin Jay H. Bream Ewan P. Plant |
| author_sort | Weichun Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Post-vaccination cytokine levels from 256 young adults who subsequently suffered breakthrough influenza infections were compared with matched controls. Modulation within the immune system is important for eliciting a protective response, and the optimal response differs according to vaccine formulation and delivery. For both inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) and live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) lower levels of IL-8 were observed in post-vaccination sera. Post-vaccination antibody levels were higher and IFN-γ levels were lower in IIV sera compared to LAIV sera. Subjects who suffered breakthrough infections after IIV vaccination had higher levels of sCD25 compared to the control group. There were differences in LAIV post-vaccination interleukin levels for subjects who subsequently suffered breakthrough infections, but these differences were masked in subjects who received concomitant vaccines. Wide variances, sex-based differences and confounders such as concomitant vaccines thwart the establishment of specific cytokine responses as a correlate of protection, but our results provide real world evidence that the status of the immune system following vaccination is important for successful vaccination and subsequent protection against disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:02:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-801fc2c0996c4a02833c33a14d630937 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:02:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-801fc2c0996c4a02833c33a14d6309372023-01-22T12:14:02ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-01-0113111410.1038/s41598-023-28295-8Post-vaccination serum cytokines levels correlate with breakthrough influenza infectionsWeichun Tang0Hang Xie1Zhiping Ye2Angelia A. Eick-Cost3Mark Scheckelhoff4Courtney E. Gustin5Jay H. Bream6Ewan P. Plant7Laboratory of Pediatric and Respiratory Viral Disease, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, CBER, FDALaboratory of Pediatric and Respiratory Viral Disease, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, CBER, FDALaboratory of Pediatric and Respiratory Viral Disease, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, CBER, FDAArmed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Defense Health AgencyArmed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Defense Health AgencyArmed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Defense Health AgencyDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthLaboratory of Pediatric and Respiratory Viral Disease, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, CBER, FDAAbstract Post-vaccination cytokine levels from 256 young adults who subsequently suffered breakthrough influenza infections were compared with matched controls. Modulation within the immune system is important for eliciting a protective response, and the optimal response differs according to vaccine formulation and delivery. For both inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) and live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) lower levels of IL-8 were observed in post-vaccination sera. Post-vaccination antibody levels were higher and IFN-γ levels were lower in IIV sera compared to LAIV sera. Subjects who suffered breakthrough infections after IIV vaccination had higher levels of sCD25 compared to the control group. There were differences in LAIV post-vaccination interleukin levels for subjects who subsequently suffered breakthrough infections, but these differences were masked in subjects who received concomitant vaccines. Wide variances, sex-based differences and confounders such as concomitant vaccines thwart the establishment of specific cytokine responses as a correlate of protection, but our results provide real world evidence that the status of the immune system following vaccination is important for successful vaccination and subsequent protection against disease.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28295-8 |
| spellingShingle | Weichun Tang Hang Xie Zhiping Ye Angelia A. Eick-Cost Mark Scheckelhoff Courtney E. Gustin Jay H. Bream Ewan P. Plant Post-vaccination serum cytokines levels correlate with breakthrough influenza infections Scientific Reports |
| title | Post-vaccination serum cytokines levels correlate with breakthrough influenza infections |
| title_full | Post-vaccination serum cytokines levels correlate with breakthrough influenza infections |
| title_fullStr | Post-vaccination serum cytokines levels correlate with breakthrough influenza infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Post-vaccination serum cytokines levels correlate with breakthrough influenza infections |
| title_short | Post-vaccination serum cytokines levels correlate with breakthrough influenza infections |
| title_sort | post vaccination serum cytokines levels correlate with breakthrough influenza infections |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28295-8 |
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