Effect of Surface-Active Element Oxygen on Heat and Mass Transfer in Laser Welding of Dissimilar Metals: Numerical and Experimental Study
The effects of the surface-active element oxygen on the laser welding of 304 stainless steel (304SS) and nickel were numerically and experimentally studied in pure argon and argon–oxygen mixed gas atmospheres containing 21% oxygen (AMO). In this study, the molten pool morphology, thermal behavior, s...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/4/556 |
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| author | Binxin Dong Zhiyong Li Gang Yu Shaoxia Li Chongxin Tian Yanhua Bian Zhuang Shu Xiuli He |
| author_facet | Binxin Dong Zhiyong Li Gang Yu Shaoxia Li Chongxin Tian Yanhua Bian Zhuang Shu Xiuli He |
| author_sort | Binxin Dong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The effects of the surface-active element oxygen on the laser welding of 304 stainless steel (304SS) and nickel were numerically and experimentally studied in pure argon and argon–oxygen mixed gas atmospheres containing 21% oxygen (AMO). In this study, the molten pool morphology, thermal behavior, solidification phenomenon, correlation between dilution and convection flow, and microhardness of welding joints were analyzed. As a result of oxygen effects, the molten pool was deeper, the maximum temperature was higher, and the maximum flow velocity was lower in the AMO. The cooling rate (GR) and combination parameter (G/R) were studied by the direct simulation of temperature gradient (G) and solidification growth rate (R). Combined with the solidification microstructure, it was found that oxygen had little effect on grain size. The major elements Fe, Cr, and Ni within the solidified molten pool in the AMO were uniformly diluted, while the distribution of the above elements was non-homogenous in pure argon. Stronger flow and multiple directions of convection inside the molten pool contributed to uniform dilution in the AMO. The distribution of microhardness was similar to the content of Cr, and the microhardness at the substrate interface of the joint was higher in the AMO than in pure argon. The preliminary conclusions of this study provide in-depth insights into the effects of surface-active element oxygen on heat and mass transfer in laser dissimilar welding. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:32:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8025ad9129634c0fb89c4779a299fac5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:32:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-8025ad9129634c0fb89c4779a299fac52023-12-01T21:13:26ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012022-03-0112455610.3390/met12040556Effect of Surface-Active Element Oxygen on Heat and Mass Transfer in Laser Welding of Dissimilar Metals: Numerical and Experimental StudyBinxin Dong0Zhiyong Li1Gang Yu2Shaoxia Li3Chongxin Tian4Yanhua Bian5Zhuang Shu6Xiuli He7Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaThe effects of the surface-active element oxygen on the laser welding of 304 stainless steel (304SS) and nickel were numerically and experimentally studied in pure argon and argon–oxygen mixed gas atmospheres containing 21% oxygen (AMO). In this study, the molten pool morphology, thermal behavior, solidification phenomenon, correlation between dilution and convection flow, and microhardness of welding joints were analyzed. As a result of oxygen effects, the molten pool was deeper, the maximum temperature was higher, and the maximum flow velocity was lower in the AMO. The cooling rate (GR) and combination parameter (G/R) were studied by the direct simulation of temperature gradient (G) and solidification growth rate (R). Combined with the solidification microstructure, it was found that oxygen had little effect on grain size. The major elements Fe, Cr, and Ni within the solidified molten pool in the AMO were uniformly diluted, while the distribution of the above elements was non-homogenous in pure argon. Stronger flow and multiple directions of convection inside the molten pool contributed to uniform dilution in the AMO. The distribution of microhardness was similar to the content of Cr, and the microhardness at the substrate interface of the joint was higher in the AMO than in pure argon. The preliminary conclusions of this study provide in-depth insights into the effects of surface-active element oxygen on heat and mass transfer in laser dissimilar welding.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/4/556dissimilar weldingthermal behaviorsurface-active elementfluid flowmass transfer |
| spellingShingle | Binxin Dong Zhiyong Li Gang Yu Shaoxia Li Chongxin Tian Yanhua Bian Zhuang Shu Xiuli He Effect of Surface-Active Element Oxygen on Heat and Mass Transfer in Laser Welding of Dissimilar Metals: Numerical and Experimental Study Metals dissimilar welding thermal behavior surface-active element fluid flow mass transfer |
| title | Effect of Surface-Active Element Oxygen on Heat and Mass Transfer in Laser Welding of Dissimilar Metals: Numerical and Experimental Study |
| title_full | Effect of Surface-Active Element Oxygen on Heat and Mass Transfer in Laser Welding of Dissimilar Metals: Numerical and Experimental Study |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Surface-Active Element Oxygen on Heat and Mass Transfer in Laser Welding of Dissimilar Metals: Numerical and Experimental Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Surface-Active Element Oxygen on Heat and Mass Transfer in Laser Welding of Dissimilar Metals: Numerical and Experimental Study |
| title_short | Effect of Surface-Active Element Oxygen on Heat and Mass Transfer in Laser Welding of Dissimilar Metals: Numerical and Experimental Study |
| title_sort | effect of surface active element oxygen on heat and mass transfer in laser welding of dissimilar metals numerical and experimental study |
| topic | dissimilar welding thermal behavior surface-active element fluid flow mass transfer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/4/556 |
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