Techno-Economic Assessment of Green Hydrogen Production by an Off-Grid Photovoltaic Energy System
Green hydrogen production is essential to meeting the conference of the parties’ (COP) decarbonization goals; however, this method of producing hydrogen is not as cost-effective as hydrogen production from fossil fuels. This study analyses an off-grid photovoltaic energy system designed to feed a pr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/2/744 |
| _version_ | 1827626311437254656 |
|---|---|
| author | Qusay Hassan Imad Saeed Abdulrahman Hayder M. Salman Olushola Tomilayo Olapade Marek Jaszczur |
| author_facet | Qusay Hassan Imad Saeed Abdulrahman Hayder M. Salman Olushola Tomilayo Olapade Marek Jaszczur |
| author_sort | Qusay Hassan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Green hydrogen production is essential to meeting the conference of the parties’ (COP) decarbonization goals; however, this method of producing hydrogen is not as cost-effective as hydrogen production from fossil fuels. This study analyses an off-grid photovoltaic energy system designed to feed a proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzer for hydrogen production to evaluate the optimal electrolyzer size. The system has been analyzed in Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, using experimental meteorological data. The 12 kW<sub>p</sub> photovoltaic array is positioned at the optimal annual tilt angle for the selected site. The temperature effect on photovoltaic modules is taken into consideration. Several electrolyzers with capacities in the range of 2–14 kW were investigated to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of the system. The simulation process was conducted using MATLAB and considering the project life span from 2021 to 2035. The results indicate that various potentially cost-competitive alternatives exist for systems with market combinations resembling renewable hydrogen wholesale. It has been found that the annual energy generated by the analyzed photovoltaic system is 18,892 kWh at 4313 operating hours, and the obtained hydrogen production cost ranges from USD 5.39/kg to USD 3.23/kg. The optimal electrolyzer capacity matches a 12 kW<sub>p</sub> PV system equal to 8 kW, producing 37.5 kg/year/kW<sub>p</sub> of hydrogen for USD 3.23/kg. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:52:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-803767ff0cc144e4a01405bb4cf708e1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:52:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-803767ff0cc144e4a01405bb4cf708e12023-11-30T22:03:25ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-01-0116274410.3390/en16020744Techno-Economic Assessment of Green Hydrogen Production by an Off-Grid Photovoltaic Energy SystemQusay Hassan0Imad Saeed Abdulrahman1Hayder M. Salman2Olushola Tomilayo Olapade3Marek Jaszczur4Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Diyala, Diyala 32001, IraqCollege of Technical Engineering, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad 10005, IraqDepartment of Computer Science, Al-Turath University College, Baghdad 10070, IraqFaculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, PolandFaculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, PolandGreen hydrogen production is essential to meeting the conference of the parties’ (COP) decarbonization goals; however, this method of producing hydrogen is not as cost-effective as hydrogen production from fossil fuels. This study analyses an off-grid photovoltaic energy system designed to feed a proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzer for hydrogen production to evaluate the optimal electrolyzer size. The system has been analyzed in Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, using experimental meteorological data. The 12 kW<sub>p</sub> photovoltaic array is positioned at the optimal annual tilt angle for the selected site. The temperature effect on photovoltaic modules is taken into consideration. Several electrolyzers with capacities in the range of 2–14 kW were investigated to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of the system. The simulation process was conducted using MATLAB and considering the project life span from 2021 to 2035. The results indicate that various potentially cost-competitive alternatives exist for systems with market combinations resembling renewable hydrogen wholesale. It has been found that the annual energy generated by the analyzed photovoltaic system is 18,892 kWh at 4313 operating hours, and the obtained hydrogen production cost ranges from USD 5.39/kg to USD 3.23/kg. The optimal electrolyzer capacity matches a 12 kW<sub>p</sub> PV system equal to 8 kW, producing 37.5 kg/year/kW<sub>p</sub> of hydrogen for USD 3.23/kg.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/2/744renewable hydrogenhydrogen energyphotovoltaic energyproton exchange membrane electrolysishydrogen economygreen hydrogen |
| spellingShingle | Qusay Hassan Imad Saeed Abdulrahman Hayder M. Salman Olushola Tomilayo Olapade Marek Jaszczur Techno-Economic Assessment of Green Hydrogen Production by an Off-Grid Photovoltaic Energy System Energies renewable hydrogen hydrogen energy photovoltaic energy proton exchange membrane electrolysis hydrogen economy green hydrogen |
| title | Techno-Economic Assessment of Green Hydrogen Production by an Off-Grid Photovoltaic Energy System |
| title_full | Techno-Economic Assessment of Green Hydrogen Production by an Off-Grid Photovoltaic Energy System |
| title_fullStr | Techno-Economic Assessment of Green Hydrogen Production by an Off-Grid Photovoltaic Energy System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Techno-Economic Assessment of Green Hydrogen Production by an Off-Grid Photovoltaic Energy System |
| title_short | Techno-Economic Assessment of Green Hydrogen Production by an Off-Grid Photovoltaic Energy System |
| title_sort | techno economic assessment of green hydrogen production by an off grid photovoltaic energy system |
| topic | renewable hydrogen hydrogen energy photovoltaic energy proton exchange membrane electrolysis hydrogen economy green hydrogen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/2/744 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT qusayhassan technoeconomicassessmentofgreenhydrogenproductionbyanoffgridphotovoltaicenergysystem AT imadsaeedabdulrahman technoeconomicassessmentofgreenhydrogenproductionbyanoffgridphotovoltaicenergysystem AT haydermsalman technoeconomicassessmentofgreenhydrogenproductionbyanoffgridphotovoltaicenergysystem AT olusholatomilayoolapade technoeconomicassessmentofgreenhydrogenproductionbyanoffgridphotovoltaicenergysystem AT marekjaszczur technoeconomicassessmentofgreenhydrogenproductionbyanoffgridphotovoltaicenergysystem |