Prevalence of Prescription Glasses in the First-Grade Thai Students (7–8 Years Old)
Nutsuchar Wangtiraumnuay, Sumalin Trichaiyaporn, Sirin Lueangaram, Supawan Surukrattanaskul, Kwanjai Wongkittirux Department of Ophthalmology, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok, ThailandCorrespondence: Nutsuchar WangtiraumnuayDepartment of Ophthalmology, Queen Sirikit Nationa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2021-08-01
|
| Series: | Clinical Optometry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-of-prescription-glasses-in-the-first-grade-thai-students-78-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTO |
| _version_ | 1818886852492394496 |
|---|---|
| author | Wangtiraumnuay N Trichaiyaporn S Lueangaram S Surukrattanaskul S Wongkittirux K |
| author_facet | Wangtiraumnuay N Trichaiyaporn S Lueangaram S Surukrattanaskul S Wongkittirux K |
| author_sort | Wangtiraumnuay N |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nutsuchar Wangtiraumnuay, Sumalin Trichaiyaporn, Sirin Lueangaram, Supawan Surukrattanaskul, Kwanjai Wongkittirux Department of Ophthalmology, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok, ThailandCorrespondence: Nutsuchar WangtiraumnuayDepartment of Ophthalmology, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok, ThailandTel +6693-919-6241Email n.wangtiraumnuay@gmail.comPurpose: To study the prevalence of the prescription glasses given to first-grade students due to the “Good Sight for Thai Children” (GSTC) policy.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that examined all prescription glasses given to first-grade students throughout Thailand, after visual screening due to the GSTC policy between 2016 and 2017. Trained class teachers screened their students’ visual acuity and referred children who had less than 20/40 visual acuity in either eye to a hospital for an eye examination and prescription glasses.Results: A total of 786,729 students were screened. Of these, 20,401 (2.59%) students were referred to hospital. However, only 9867 (48.37%) students presented to a hospital. Glasses were prescribed for 5324 (53.96%) students following cycloplegic refraction by ophthalmologists or trained refractionists. The mean spherical equivalent was − 1.08 (− 19.00 to +10.00, SD 2.32) diopters. There were 1626 (30.54%) children at amblyopic risk without glasses. A 5.49% had high myopia (< − 6 diopters), 5.22% had high hyperopia (> +5 diopters) and 27.82% had high astigmatism (> 2 diopters). A cylindrical lens analysis showed that 81.53% had with-the-rule astigmatism, 4.07% had against-the-rule astigmatism, and 14.40% had oblique astigmatism.Conclusion: Although the reliable prevalence of refractive error cannot be estimated, the prevalence of visual impairment may be estimated. There were a number of students who required glasses. The astigmatism was the most common refractive error on prescription glasses for first-grade children. With-the-rule astigmatism was the most prevalent. The visual screening program of school children proved to be valuable and should be continued and developed.Keywords: refractive errors, primary school, astigmatism, prescription |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:27:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-80560abb9b724eadab7df919711781bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-2752 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:27:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical Optometry |
| spelling | doaj.art-80560abb9b724eadab7df919711781bb2022-12-21T20:14:17ZengDove Medical PressClinical Optometry1179-27522021-08-01Volume 1323524267497Prevalence of Prescription Glasses in the First-Grade Thai Students (7–8 Years Old)Wangtiraumnuay NTrichaiyaporn SLueangaram SSurukrattanaskul SWongkittirux KNutsuchar Wangtiraumnuay, Sumalin Trichaiyaporn, Sirin Lueangaram, Supawan Surukrattanaskul, Kwanjai Wongkittirux Department of Ophthalmology, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok, ThailandCorrespondence: Nutsuchar WangtiraumnuayDepartment of Ophthalmology, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok, ThailandTel +6693-919-6241Email n.wangtiraumnuay@gmail.comPurpose: To study the prevalence of the prescription glasses given to first-grade students due to the “Good Sight for Thai Children” (GSTC) policy.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that examined all prescription glasses given to first-grade students throughout Thailand, after visual screening due to the GSTC policy between 2016 and 2017. Trained class teachers screened their students’ visual acuity and referred children who had less than 20/40 visual acuity in either eye to a hospital for an eye examination and prescription glasses.Results: A total of 786,729 students were screened. Of these, 20,401 (2.59%) students were referred to hospital. However, only 9867 (48.37%) students presented to a hospital. Glasses were prescribed for 5324 (53.96%) students following cycloplegic refraction by ophthalmologists or trained refractionists. The mean spherical equivalent was − 1.08 (− 19.00 to +10.00, SD 2.32) diopters. There were 1626 (30.54%) children at amblyopic risk without glasses. A 5.49% had high myopia (< − 6 diopters), 5.22% had high hyperopia (> +5 diopters) and 27.82% had high astigmatism (> 2 diopters). A cylindrical lens analysis showed that 81.53% had with-the-rule astigmatism, 4.07% had against-the-rule astigmatism, and 14.40% had oblique astigmatism.Conclusion: Although the reliable prevalence of refractive error cannot be estimated, the prevalence of visual impairment may be estimated. There were a number of students who required glasses. The astigmatism was the most common refractive error on prescription glasses for first-grade children. With-the-rule astigmatism was the most prevalent. The visual screening program of school children proved to be valuable and should be continued and developed.Keywords: refractive errors, primary school, astigmatism, prescriptionhttps://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-of-prescription-glasses-in-the-first-grade-thai-students-78-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTOrefractive errorsprimary schoolastigmatismprescription |
| spellingShingle | Wangtiraumnuay N Trichaiyaporn S Lueangaram S Surukrattanaskul S Wongkittirux K Prevalence of Prescription Glasses in the First-Grade Thai Students (7–8 Years Old) Clinical Optometry refractive errors primary school astigmatism prescription |
| title | Prevalence of Prescription Glasses in the First-Grade Thai Students (7–8 Years Old) |
| title_full | Prevalence of Prescription Glasses in the First-Grade Thai Students (7–8 Years Old) |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Prescription Glasses in the First-Grade Thai Students (7–8 Years Old) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Prescription Glasses in the First-Grade Thai Students (7–8 Years Old) |
| title_short | Prevalence of Prescription Glasses in the First-Grade Thai Students (7–8 Years Old) |
| title_sort | prevalence of prescription glasses in the first grade thai students 7 ndash 8 years old |
| topic | refractive errors primary school astigmatism prescription |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-of-prescription-glasses-in-the-first-grade-thai-students-78-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTO |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wangtiraumnuayn prevalenceofprescriptionglassesinthefirstgradethaistudents7ndash8yearsold AT trichaiyaporns prevalenceofprescriptionglassesinthefirstgradethaistudents7ndash8yearsold AT lueangarams prevalenceofprescriptionglassesinthefirstgradethaistudents7ndash8yearsold AT surukrattanaskuls prevalenceofprescriptionglassesinthefirstgradethaistudents7ndash8yearsold AT wongkittiruxk prevalenceofprescriptionglassesinthefirstgradethaistudents7ndash8yearsold |