| Summary: | This study aimed to determine the association between suicidal behavior and <i>T. gondii</i> seroreactivity in 2045 patients attending primary care clinics. IgG antibodies against <i>T. gondii</i> were found in 37 (12.1%) out of 306 individuals with a history of suicidal ideation and in 134 (7.7%) of 1739 individuals without this history (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.11–2.42; <i>p</i> = 0.01). Seropositivity to <i>T. gondii</i> was associated with suicidal ideation in women (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.01–2.42; <i>p</i> = 0.03) and individuals aged ≤30 years (OR: 3.25; 95% CI: 1.53–6.88; <i>p</i> = 0.001). No association between the rates of high (>150 IU/mL) levels of anti-<i>T. gondii</i> IgG antibodies and suicidal ideation or suicide attempts was found. IgG antibodies against <i>T. gondii</i> were found in 22 of 185 (11.9%) individuals with a history of suicide attempts and in 149 (8.0%) of 1860 individuals without this history (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.96–2.49; <i>p</i> = 0.06). The seroprevalence of <i>T. gondii</i> infection was associated with suicide attempts in individuals aged 31–50 years (OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.09–3.71; <i>p</i> = 0.02), and with more than three suicide attempts (OR: 4.02; 95% CI: 1.34–12.03; <i>p</i> = 0.008). Our results indicate that <i>T. gondii</i> exposure is associated with suicidal behavior among patients attending primary care clinics.
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