Airborne Testing of 2-μm Pulsed IPDA Lidar for Active Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
The capability of an airborne 2-μm integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar for high-accuracy and high-precision active remote sensing of weighted-average column dry-air volume mixing ratio of atmospheric carbon dioxide (XCO<sub>2</sub>) is demonstrated. A test flight was con...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/3/412 |
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| author | Tamer F. Refaat Mulugeta Petros Charles W. Antill Upendra N. Singh Yonghoon Choi James V. Plant Joshua P. Digangi Anna Noe |
| author_facet | Tamer F. Refaat Mulugeta Petros Charles W. Antill Upendra N. Singh Yonghoon Choi James V. Plant Joshua P. Digangi Anna Noe |
| author_sort | Tamer F. Refaat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The capability of an airborne 2-μm integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar for high-accuracy and high-precision active remote sensing of weighted-average column dry-air volume mixing ratio of atmospheric carbon dioxide (XCO<sub>2</sub>) is demonstrated. A test flight was conducted over the costal oceanic region of the USA to assess instrument performance during severe weather. The IPDA targets CO<sub>2</sub> R30 absorption line using high-energy 2-μm laser transmitter. HgCdTe avalanche photodiode detection system is used in the receiver. Updated instrument model included range correction factor to account for platform attitude. Error budget for XCO<sub>2</sub> retrieval predicts lower random error for longer sensing column length. Systematic error is dominated by water vapor (H<sub>2</sub>O) through dry-air number density derivation, followed by H<sub>2</sub>O interference and ranging related uncertainties. IPDA XCO<sub>2</sub> retrieval results in 404.43 ± 1.23 ppm, as compared to 405.49 ± 0.01 ppm from prediction models, using consistent reflectivity and steady elevation oceanic surface target. This translates to 0.26% and 0.30% relative accuracy and precision, respectively. During gradual spiral descend, IPDA results in 404.89 ± 1.19 ppm as compared model of 404.75 ± 0.73 ppm indicating 0.04% and 0.23% relative accuracy, respectively. Challenging cloud targets limited retrieval accuracy and precision to 2.56% and 4.78%, respectively, due to H<sub>2</sub>O and ranging errors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:59:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-805eebffab2243b390b9e1f943e0f013 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:59:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-805eebffab2243b390b9e1f943e0f0132023-11-21T11:39:54ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332021-03-0112341210.3390/atmos12030412Airborne Testing of 2-μm Pulsed IPDA Lidar for Active Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Carbon DioxideTamer F. Refaat0Mulugeta Petros1Charles W. Antill2Upendra N. Singh3Yonghoon Choi4James V. Plant5Joshua P. Digangi6Anna Noe7Remote Sensing Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USARemote Sensing Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USARemote Sensing Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USANASA Engineering and Safety Center, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USAScience Systems & Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA 23666, USAMaterial and Structures Experimental Research Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USAAtmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USARemote Sensing Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USAThe capability of an airborne 2-μm integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar for high-accuracy and high-precision active remote sensing of weighted-average column dry-air volume mixing ratio of atmospheric carbon dioxide (XCO<sub>2</sub>) is demonstrated. A test flight was conducted over the costal oceanic region of the USA to assess instrument performance during severe weather. The IPDA targets CO<sub>2</sub> R30 absorption line using high-energy 2-μm laser transmitter. HgCdTe avalanche photodiode detection system is used in the receiver. Updated instrument model included range correction factor to account for platform attitude. Error budget for XCO<sub>2</sub> retrieval predicts lower random error for longer sensing column length. Systematic error is dominated by water vapor (H<sub>2</sub>O) through dry-air number density derivation, followed by H<sub>2</sub>O interference and ranging related uncertainties. IPDA XCO<sub>2</sub> retrieval results in 404.43 ± 1.23 ppm, as compared to 405.49 ± 0.01 ppm from prediction models, using consistent reflectivity and steady elevation oceanic surface target. This translates to 0.26% and 0.30% relative accuracy and precision, respectively. During gradual spiral descend, IPDA results in 404.89 ± 1.19 ppm as compared model of 404.75 ± 0.73 ppm indicating 0.04% and 0.23% relative accuracy, respectively. Challenging cloud targets limited retrieval accuracy and precision to 2.56% and 4.78%, respectively, due to H<sub>2</sub>O and ranging errors.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/3/412carbon dioxideactive remote sensingIPDA lidarairborne testing |
| spellingShingle | Tamer F. Refaat Mulugeta Petros Charles W. Antill Upendra N. Singh Yonghoon Choi James V. Plant Joshua P. Digangi Anna Noe Airborne Testing of 2-μm Pulsed IPDA Lidar for Active Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere carbon dioxide active remote sensing IPDA lidar airborne testing |
| title | Airborne Testing of 2-μm Pulsed IPDA Lidar for Active Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide |
| title_full | Airborne Testing of 2-μm Pulsed IPDA Lidar for Active Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide |
| title_fullStr | Airborne Testing of 2-μm Pulsed IPDA Lidar for Active Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide |
| title_full_unstemmed | Airborne Testing of 2-μm Pulsed IPDA Lidar for Active Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide |
| title_short | Airborne Testing of 2-μm Pulsed IPDA Lidar for Active Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide |
| title_sort | airborne testing of 2 μm pulsed ipda lidar for active remote sensing of atmospheric carbon dioxide |
| topic | carbon dioxide active remote sensing IPDA lidar airborne testing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/3/412 |
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