The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection
Abstract Males and females vary in many characteristics that typically underlie how well a host is able to fight infection, such as body-size, immune capacity, or energy availability. Although well studied in the context of sexual signalling, there is now growing recognition that these differences c...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2017-04-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00835-z |
| _version_ | 1818842487773462528 |
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| author | Olivia Thompson Stephen A. Y. Gipson Matthew D. Hall |
| author_facet | Olivia Thompson Stephen A. Y. Gipson Matthew D. Hall |
| author_sort | Olivia Thompson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Males and females vary in many characteristics that typically underlie how well a host is able to fight infection, such as body-size, immune capacity, or energy availability. Although well studied in the context of sexual signalling, there is now growing recognition that these differences can influence aspects of pathogen evolution as well. Here we consider how co-infection between multiple pathogen strains is shaped by male-female differences. In natural populations, infections by more than one pathogen strain or species are believed to be a widespread occurrence. Using the water flea, Daphnia magna, we exposed genetically identical males and females to replicated bacterial co-infections. We found that pathogen transmission and virulence were much higher in females. However, males did not simply lower average pathogen fitness, but rather the influence of co-infection was more varied and less defined than in females. We discuss how pathogens may have more fitness benefits to gain, and consequently to lose, when infecting one sex over the other. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T04:42:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-80632ca25be34ba694643c549e738288 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T04:42:46Z |
| publishDate | 2017-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-80632ca25be34ba694643c549e7382882022-12-21T20:35:34ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222017-04-01711710.1038/s41598-017-00835-zThe impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infectionOlivia Thompson0Stephen A. Y. Gipson1Matthew D. Hall2School of Biological Sciences, Monash UniversitySchool of Biological Sciences, Monash UniversitySchool of Biological Sciences, Monash UniversityAbstract Males and females vary in many characteristics that typically underlie how well a host is able to fight infection, such as body-size, immune capacity, or energy availability. Although well studied in the context of sexual signalling, there is now growing recognition that these differences can influence aspects of pathogen evolution as well. Here we consider how co-infection between multiple pathogen strains is shaped by male-female differences. In natural populations, infections by more than one pathogen strain or species are believed to be a widespread occurrence. Using the water flea, Daphnia magna, we exposed genetically identical males and females to replicated bacterial co-infections. We found that pathogen transmission and virulence were much higher in females. However, males did not simply lower average pathogen fitness, but rather the influence of co-infection was more varied and less defined than in females. We discuss how pathogens may have more fitness benefits to gain, and consequently to lose, when infecting one sex over the other.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00835-z |
| spellingShingle | Olivia Thompson Stephen A. Y. Gipson Matthew D. Hall The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection Scientific Reports |
| title | The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection |
| title_full | The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection |
| title_fullStr | The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection |
| title_short | The impact of host sex on the outcome of co-infection |
| title_sort | impact of host sex on the outcome of co infection |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00835-z |
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