Air Pollution and the Airways: Lessons from a Century of Human Urbanization
Since the industrial revolution, air pollution has become a major problem causing several health problems involving the airways as well as the cardiovascular, reproductive, or neurological system. According to the WHO, about 3.6 million deaths every year are related to inhalation of polluted air, sp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/7/898 |
| _version_ | 1797527599260368896 |
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| author | Janne Goossens Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere Lieven J. Dupont Dominique M. A. Bullens |
| author_facet | Janne Goossens Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere Lieven J. Dupont Dominique M. A. Bullens |
| author_sort | Janne Goossens |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since the industrial revolution, air pollution has become a major problem causing several health problems involving the airways as well as the cardiovascular, reproductive, or neurological system. According to the WHO, about 3.6 million deaths every year are related to inhalation of polluted air, specifically due to pulmonary diseases. Polluted air first encounters the airways, which are a major human defense mechanism to reduce the risk of this aggressor. Air pollution consists of a mixture of potentially harmful compounds such as particulate matter, ozone, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and heavy metals, each having its own effects on the human body. In the last decades, a lot of research investigating the underlying risks and effects of air pollution and/or its specific compounds on the airways, has been performed, involving both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> experiments. The goal of this review is to give an overview of the recent data on the effects of air pollution on healthy and diseased airways or models of airway disease, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, we focused on studies involving pollution and airway symptoms and/or damage both in mice and humans. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:46:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8072ecebb9ef4a128e86f335e3e72384 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:46:02Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-8072ecebb9ef4a128e86f335e3e723842023-11-22T03:14:25ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332021-07-0112789810.3390/atmos12070898Air Pollution and the Airways: Lessons from a Century of Human UrbanizationJanne Goossens0Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere1Lieven J. Dupont2Dominique M. A. Bullens3KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumKU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumKU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), 3000 Leuven, BelgiumKU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumSince the industrial revolution, air pollution has become a major problem causing several health problems involving the airways as well as the cardiovascular, reproductive, or neurological system. According to the WHO, about 3.6 million deaths every year are related to inhalation of polluted air, specifically due to pulmonary diseases. Polluted air first encounters the airways, which are a major human defense mechanism to reduce the risk of this aggressor. Air pollution consists of a mixture of potentially harmful compounds such as particulate matter, ozone, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and heavy metals, each having its own effects on the human body. In the last decades, a lot of research investigating the underlying risks and effects of air pollution and/or its specific compounds on the airways, has been performed, involving both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> experiments. The goal of this review is to give an overview of the recent data on the effects of air pollution on healthy and diseased airways or models of airway disease, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, we focused on studies involving pollution and airway symptoms and/or damage both in mice and humans.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/7/898air pollutionrespiratory systemmouse studieshuman models |
| spellingShingle | Janne Goossens Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere Lieven J. Dupont Dominique M. A. Bullens Air Pollution and the Airways: Lessons from a Century of Human Urbanization Atmosphere air pollution respiratory system mouse studies human models |
| title | Air Pollution and the Airways: Lessons from a Century of Human Urbanization |
| title_full | Air Pollution and the Airways: Lessons from a Century of Human Urbanization |
| title_fullStr | Air Pollution and the Airways: Lessons from a Century of Human Urbanization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Air Pollution and the Airways: Lessons from a Century of Human Urbanization |
| title_short | Air Pollution and the Airways: Lessons from a Century of Human Urbanization |
| title_sort | air pollution and the airways lessons from a century of human urbanization |
| topic | air pollution respiratory system mouse studies human models |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/7/898 |
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