New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean
Tetrodotoxin is a potent low weight marine toxin found in warm waters, especially of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Intoxications are usually linked to the consumption of the puffer fish, although TTX was already detected in several different edible taxa. Benthic organisms such as mollusks and echin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2012-03-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/10/4/712/ |
| _version_ | 1798003835330887680 |
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| author | Vítor Vasconcelos Amparo Alfonso Luis M. Botana Joana Azevedo Paula Rodriguez Marisa Silva |
| author_facet | Vítor Vasconcelos Amparo Alfonso Luis M. Botana Joana Azevedo Paula Rodriguez Marisa Silva |
| author_sort | Vítor Vasconcelos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tetrodotoxin is a potent low weight marine toxin found in warm waters, especially of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Intoxications are usually linked to the consumption of the puffer fish, although TTX was already detected in several different edible taxa. Benthic organisms such as mollusks and echinoderms, with different feeding habits, were collected monthly along the Portuguese coast from the summer of 2009 until the end of 2010. The extraction and analysis techniques were optimized and TTX and some analogues were detected for the first time in two intertidal gastropod species—Gibbula umbilicalis and Monodonta lineata by LC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS. Although the levels are low, these findings suggest that monitoring of TTX and analogues in North Atlantic species should be implemented so as to detect potentially new toxin vectors and seasonal and/or geographical patterns. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:13:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-808b8998207a4238b45ad4cf91982d1a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:13:58Z |
| publishDate | 2012-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-808b8998207a4238b45ad4cf91982d1a2022-12-22T04:24:27ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972012-03-0110471272610.3390/md10040712New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic OceanVítor VasconcelosAmparo AlfonsoLuis M. BotanaJoana AzevedoPaula RodriguezMarisa SilvaTetrodotoxin is a potent low weight marine toxin found in warm waters, especially of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Intoxications are usually linked to the consumption of the puffer fish, although TTX was already detected in several different edible taxa. Benthic organisms such as mollusks and echinoderms, with different feeding habits, were collected monthly along the Portuguese coast from the summer of 2009 until the end of 2010. The extraction and analysis techniques were optimized and TTX and some analogues were detected for the first time in two intertidal gastropod species—Gibbula umbilicalis and Monodonta lineata by LC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS. Although the levels are low, these findings suggest that monitoring of TTX and analogues in North Atlantic species should be implemented so as to detect potentially new toxin vectors and seasonal and/or geographical patterns.http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/10/4/712/tetrodotoxinnew vectorsgastropodsNorth Atlantic Waters |
| spellingShingle | Vítor Vasconcelos Amparo Alfonso Luis M. Botana Joana Azevedo Paula Rodriguez Marisa Silva New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean Marine Drugs tetrodotoxin new vectors gastropods North Atlantic Waters |
| title | New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean |
| title_full | New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean |
| title_fullStr | New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean |
| title_short | New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean |
| title_sort | new gastropod vectors and tetrodotoxin potential expansion in temperate waters of the atlantic ocean |
| topic | tetrodotoxin new vectors gastropods North Atlantic Waters |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/10/4/712/ |
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