Tumor Temperature: Friend or Foe of Virus-Based Cancer Immunotherapy
The temperature of a solid tumor is often dissimilar to baseline body temperature and, compared to healthy tissues, may be elevated, reduced, or a mix of both. The temperature of a tumor is dependent on metabolic activity and vascularization and can change due to tumor progression, treatment, or can...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/8/2024 |
| _version_ | 1797439283082035200 |
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| author | Jason P. Knapp Julia E. Kakish Byram W. Bridle David J. Speicher |
| author_facet | Jason P. Knapp Julia E. Kakish Byram W. Bridle David J. Speicher |
| author_sort | Jason P. Knapp |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The temperature of a solid tumor is often dissimilar to baseline body temperature and, compared to healthy tissues, may be elevated, reduced, or a mix of both. The temperature of a tumor is dependent on metabolic activity and vascularization and can change due to tumor progression, treatment, or cancer type. Despite the need to function optimally within temperature-variable tumors, oncolytic viruses (OVs) are primarily tested at 37 °C in vitro. Furthermore, animal species utilized to test oncolytic viruses, such as mice, dogs, cats, and non-human primates, poorly recapitulate the temperature profile of humans. In this review, we discuss the importance of temperature as a variable for OV immunotherapy of solid tumors. Accumulating evidence supports that the temperature sensitivity of OVs lies on a spectrum, with some OVs likely hindered but others enhanced by elevated temperatures. We suggest that in vitro temperature sensitivity screening be performed for all OVs destined for the clinic to identify potential hinderances or benefits with regard to elevated temperature. Furthermore, we provide recommendations for the clinical use of temperature and OVs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:50:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8090da96b5974773bfa6cc6cb083a393 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:50:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-8090da96b5974773bfa6cc6cb083a3932023-11-30T23:15:57ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-08-01108202410.3390/biomedicines10082024Tumor Temperature: Friend or Foe of Virus-Based Cancer ImmunotherapyJason P. Knapp0Julia E. Kakish1Byram W. Bridle2David J. Speicher3Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaDepartment of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaDepartment of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaDepartment of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaThe temperature of a solid tumor is often dissimilar to baseline body temperature and, compared to healthy tissues, may be elevated, reduced, or a mix of both. The temperature of a tumor is dependent on metabolic activity and vascularization and can change due to tumor progression, treatment, or cancer type. Despite the need to function optimally within temperature-variable tumors, oncolytic viruses (OVs) are primarily tested at 37 °C in vitro. Furthermore, animal species utilized to test oncolytic viruses, such as mice, dogs, cats, and non-human primates, poorly recapitulate the temperature profile of humans. In this review, we discuss the importance of temperature as a variable for OV immunotherapy of solid tumors. Accumulating evidence supports that the temperature sensitivity of OVs lies on a spectrum, with some OVs likely hindered but others enhanced by elevated temperatures. We suggest that in vitro temperature sensitivity screening be performed for all OVs destined for the clinic to identify potential hinderances or benefits with regard to elevated temperature. Furthermore, we provide recommendations for the clinical use of temperature and OVs.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/8/2024cancersolid tumoroncolytic virustemperature |
| spellingShingle | Jason P. Knapp Julia E. Kakish Byram W. Bridle David J. Speicher Tumor Temperature: Friend or Foe of Virus-Based Cancer Immunotherapy Biomedicines cancer solid tumor oncolytic virus temperature |
| title | Tumor Temperature: Friend or Foe of Virus-Based Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_full | Tumor Temperature: Friend or Foe of Virus-Based Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Tumor Temperature: Friend or Foe of Virus-Based Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tumor Temperature: Friend or Foe of Virus-Based Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_short | Tumor Temperature: Friend or Foe of Virus-Based Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_sort | tumor temperature friend or foe of virus based cancer immunotherapy |
| topic | cancer solid tumor oncolytic virus temperature |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/8/2024 |
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