Clinical Applications of Immunotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma in Adults
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite standard therapies, including resection and chemoradiation, recurrence is virtually inevitable. Current treatment for recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) is rapidly evolving, and emerging therapies aimed at targeting pr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/15/3901 |
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| author | Meagan Mandabach Olivet Michael C. Brown Zachary J. Reitman David M. Ashley Gerald A. Grant Yuanfan Yang James M. Markert |
| author_facet | Meagan Mandabach Olivet Michael C. Brown Zachary J. Reitman David M. Ashley Gerald A. Grant Yuanfan Yang James M. Markert |
| author_sort | Meagan Mandabach Olivet |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite standard therapies, including resection and chemoradiation, recurrence is virtually inevitable. Current treatment for recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) is rapidly evolving, and emerging therapies aimed at targeting primary GBM are often first tested in rGBM to demonstrate safety and feasibility, which, in recent years, has primarily been in the form of immunotherapy. The purpose of this review is to highlight progress in clinical trials of immunotherapy for rGBM, including immune checkpoint blockade, oncolytic virotherapy, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, cancer vaccine and immunotoxins. Three independent reviewers covered literature, published between the years 2000 and 2022, in various online databases. In general, the efficacy of immunotherapy in rGBM remains uncertain, and is limited to subsets/small cohorts of patients, despite demonstrating feasibility in early-stage clinical trials. However, considerable progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms that may preclude rGBM patients from responding to immunotherapy, as well as in developing new approaches/combination strategies that may inspire optimism for the utility of immunotherapy in this devastating disease. Continued trials are necessary to further assess the best therapeutic avenues and ascertain which treatments might benefit each patient individually. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:30:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8095802e17174d1487c7b967fa82c7f9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:30:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-8095802e17174d1487c7b967fa82c7f92023-11-18T22:42:57ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942023-07-011515390110.3390/cancers15153901Clinical Applications of Immunotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma in AdultsMeagan Mandabach Olivet0Michael C. Brown1Zachary J. Reitman2David M. Ashley3Gerald A. Grant4Yuanfan Yang5James M. Markert6Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USADepartment of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USAGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite standard therapies, including resection and chemoradiation, recurrence is virtually inevitable. Current treatment for recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) is rapidly evolving, and emerging therapies aimed at targeting primary GBM are often first tested in rGBM to demonstrate safety and feasibility, which, in recent years, has primarily been in the form of immunotherapy. The purpose of this review is to highlight progress in clinical trials of immunotherapy for rGBM, including immune checkpoint blockade, oncolytic virotherapy, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, cancer vaccine and immunotoxins. Three independent reviewers covered literature, published between the years 2000 and 2022, in various online databases. In general, the efficacy of immunotherapy in rGBM remains uncertain, and is limited to subsets/small cohorts of patients, despite demonstrating feasibility in early-stage clinical trials. However, considerable progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms that may preclude rGBM patients from responding to immunotherapy, as well as in developing new approaches/combination strategies that may inspire optimism for the utility of immunotherapy in this devastating disease. Continued trials are necessary to further assess the best therapeutic avenues and ascertain which treatments might benefit each patient individually.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/15/3901recurrent glioblastomarGBMimmunotherapycheckpoint inhibitorvaccineoncolytic virus |
| spellingShingle | Meagan Mandabach Olivet Michael C. Brown Zachary J. Reitman David M. Ashley Gerald A. Grant Yuanfan Yang James M. Markert Clinical Applications of Immunotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma in Adults Cancers recurrent glioblastoma rGBM immunotherapy checkpoint inhibitor vaccine oncolytic virus |
| title | Clinical Applications of Immunotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma in Adults |
| title_full | Clinical Applications of Immunotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma in Adults |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Applications of Immunotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma in Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Applications of Immunotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma in Adults |
| title_short | Clinical Applications of Immunotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma in Adults |
| title_sort | clinical applications of immunotherapy for recurrent glioblastoma in adults |
| topic | recurrent glioblastoma rGBM immunotherapy checkpoint inhibitor vaccine oncolytic virus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/15/3901 |
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