Effects of Traditional Ethnic Minority Food Culture on Genetic Diversity in Rice Landraces in Guizhou Province, China
Ethnic minorities living in Guizhou Province, China, have produced numerous rice landraces that are rich in genetic variations. Studying the genetic diversity and population structure of rice landraces in Guizhou has therefore become a topic of great research interest. However, the influence of ethn...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/10/2308 |
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| author | Chunhui Liu Yanjie Wang Aixia Jiao Xiaoding Ma Di Cui Xiaobing Li Bing Han Huicha Chen Renchao Ruan Dayuan Xue Longzhi Han |
| author_facet | Chunhui Liu Yanjie Wang Aixia Jiao Xiaoding Ma Di Cui Xiaobing Li Bing Han Huicha Chen Renchao Ruan Dayuan Xue Longzhi Han |
| author_sort | Chunhui Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ethnic minorities living in Guizhou Province, China, have produced numerous rice landraces that are rich in genetic variations. Studying the genetic diversity and population structure of rice landraces in Guizhou has therefore become a topic of great research interest. However, the influence of ethnic minorities and their traditional food cultures on rice landraces remains unclear. We analyzed the genetic diversity of 598 rice landraces using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Furthermore, we analyzed the nucleotide variations between two similar populations collected during two different time periods using a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) haplotype analysis of six unlinked nuclear loci. The three major results were as follows: (1) The genetic diversity index of rice landraces in six ecologically distinct rice farming zones of Guizhou Province was high (<i>He</i> = 0.7721), and Southwest Guizhou, which has a large population of ethnic minorities, is the center of genetic diversity of rice landraces in the province; this region had the highest <i>He</i> at 0.7823 and the highest polymorphic information content (PIC) at 0.7562. (2) A neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree and a model of the population structure showed that the rice landraces from the southwest, south, and southeast of Guizhou had unique genetic structures and genetic backgrounds, which are closely related to the traditional diet cultures of the local ethnic minorities. (3) A nucleotide variation analysis of similar rice landraces collected in 1980 and 2015 revealed that, after 35 years of domestication by ethnic minorities, the original dominant haplotypes were well-preserved; the frequency of the most favorable haplotypes gradually increased to adapt to the traditional food culture. This study is expected to promote the protection and sustainable utilization of rice landraces from this unique region and to provide valuable germplasm materials and information for future rice breeding and basic research efforts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:54:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8096318d3dd6437aa773a224732d85ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:54:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-8096318d3dd6437aa773a224732d85ff2023-11-23T22:24:50ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-09-011210230810.3390/agronomy12102308Effects of Traditional Ethnic Minority Food Culture on Genetic Diversity in Rice Landraces in Guizhou Province, ChinaChunhui Liu0Yanjie Wang1Aixia Jiao2Xiaoding Ma3Di Cui4Xiaobing Li5Bing Han6Huicha Chen7Renchao Ruan8Dayuan Xue9Longzhi Han10College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550025, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550025, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550025, ChinaInstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550025, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaEthnic minorities living in Guizhou Province, China, have produced numerous rice landraces that are rich in genetic variations. Studying the genetic diversity and population structure of rice landraces in Guizhou has therefore become a topic of great research interest. However, the influence of ethnic minorities and their traditional food cultures on rice landraces remains unclear. We analyzed the genetic diversity of 598 rice landraces using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Furthermore, we analyzed the nucleotide variations between two similar populations collected during two different time periods using a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) haplotype analysis of six unlinked nuclear loci. The three major results were as follows: (1) The genetic diversity index of rice landraces in six ecologically distinct rice farming zones of Guizhou Province was high (<i>He</i> = 0.7721), and Southwest Guizhou, which has a large population of ethnic minorities, is the center of genetic diversity of rice landraces in the province; this region had the highest <i>He</i> at 0.7823 and the highest polymorphic information content (PIC) at 0.7562. (2) A neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree and a model of the population structure showed that the rice landraces from the southwest, south, and southeast of Guizhou had unique genetic structures and genetic backgrounds, which are closely related to the traditional diet cultures of the local ethnic minorities. (3) A nucleotide variation analysis of similar rice landraces collected in 1980 and 2015 revealed that, after 35 years of domestication by ethnic minorities, the original dominant haplotypes were well-preserved; the frequency of the most favorable haplotypes gradually increased to adapt to the traditional food culture. This study is expected to promote the protection and sustainable utilization of rice landraces from this unique region and to provide valuable germplasm materials and information for future rice breeding and basic research efforts.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/10/2308landracestraditional food culturegenetic diversityhaplotypeconservation |
| spellingShingle | Chunhui Liu Yanjie Wang Aixia Jiao Xiaoding Ma Di Cui Xiaobing Li Bing Han Huicha Chen Renchao Ruan Dayuan Xue Longzhi Han Effects of Traditional Ethnic Minority Food Culture on Genetic Diversity in Rice Landraces in Guizhou Province, China Agronomy landraces traditional food culture genetic diversity haplotype conservation |
| title | Effects of Traditional Ethnic Minority Food Culture on Genetic Diversity in Rice Landraces in Guizhou Province, China |
| title_full | Effects of Traditional Ethnic Minority Food Culture on Genetic Diversity in Rice Landraces in Guizhou Province, China |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Traditional Ethnic Minority Food Culture on Genetic Diversity in Rice Landraces in Guizhou Province, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Traditional Ethnic Minority Food Culture on Genetic Diversity in Rice Landraces in Guizhou Province, China |
| title_short | Effects of Traditional Ethnic Minority Food Culture on Genetic Diversity in Rice Landraces in Guizhou Province, China |
| title_sort | effects of traditional ethnic minority food culture on genetic diversity in rice landraces in guizhou province china |
| topic | landraces traditional food culture genetic diversity haplotype conservation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/10/2308 |
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