Chromosome Abnormalities: New Insights into Their Clinical Significance in Cancer
Chromosomal abnormalities, consisting of numerical and structural chromosome abnormalities, are a common characteristic of cancer. Numerical chromosome abnormalities, mainly including aneuploidy and chromosome instability, are caused by chromosome segregation errors in mitosis, whereas structural ch...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2020-06-01
|
| Series: | Molecular Therapy: Oncolytics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2372770520300735 |
| _version_ | 1819266611033407488 |
|---|---|
| author | Fan Kou Lei Wu Xiubao Ren Lili Yang |
| author_facet | Fan Kou Lei Wu Xiubao Ren Lili Yang |
| author_sort | Fan Kou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chromosomal abnormalities, consisting of numerical and structural chromosome abnormalities, are a common characteristic of cancer. Numerical chromosome abnormalities, mainly including aneuploidy and chromosome instability, are caused by chromosome segregation errors in mitosis, whereas structural chromosome abnormalities are a consequence of DNA damage and comprise focal/arm-level chromosome gain or loss. Recent advances have started to unveil the mechanisms by which chromosomal abnormalities can facilitate tumorigenesis and change the cellular fitness and the expression or function of RNAs and proteins. Accumulating evidence suggests that chromosome abnormalities represent a genomic signature that is linked to cancer prognosis and reaction to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings on the role of chromosome abnormalities in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, with a particular emphasis on how aneuploidy and chromosome instability influence cancer therapy and prognosis. We also highlight the distribution and clinical application of the structural chromosome abnormalities in various cancer types. A better understanding of the role of chromosome abnormalities will be beneficial to the development of precision oncology and suggest future directions for the field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T21:04:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-809c17f7edca42e4b33c22c66d7c23a3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2372-7705 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T21:04:01Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Therapy: Oncolytics |
| spelling | doaj.art-809c17f7edca42e4b33c22c66d7c23a32022-12-21T17:31:17ZengElsevierMolecular Therapy: Oncolytics2372-77052020-06-0117562570Chromosome Abnormalities: New Insights into Their Clinical Significance in CancerFan Kou0Lei Wu1Xiubao Ren2Lili Yang3Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China; Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China; Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China; Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; Corresponding author: Xiubao Ren, Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China.Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China; Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China; Corresponding author: Lili Yang, Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China.Chromosomal abnormalities, consisting of numerical and structural chromosome abnormalities, are a common characteristic of cancer. Numerical chromosome abnormalities, mainly including aneuploidy and chromosome instability, are caused by chromosome segregation errors in mitosis, whereas structural chromosome abnormalities are a consequence of DNA damage and comprise focal/arm-level chromosome gain or loss. Recent advances have started to unveil the mechanisms by which chromosomal abnormalities can facilitate tumorigenesis and change the cellular fitness and the expression or function of RNAs and proteins. Accumulating evidence suggests that chromosome abnormalities represent a genomic signature that is linked to cancer prognosis and reaction to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings on the role of chromosome abnormalities in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, with a particular emphasis on how aneuploidy and chromosome instability influence cancer therapy and prognosis. We also highlight the distribution and clinical application of the structural chromosome abnormalities in various cancer types. A better understanding of the role of chromosome abnormalities will be beneficial to the development of precision oncology and suggest future directions for the field.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2372770520300735chromosomal abnormalitiesaneuploidychromosome instabilitychemotherapyimmunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Fan Kou Lei Wu Xiubao Ren Lili Yang Chromosome Abnormalities: New Insights into Their Clinical Significance in Cancer Molecular Therapy: Oncolytics chromosomal abnormalities aneuploidy chromosome instability chemotherapy immunotherapy |
| title | Chromosome Abnormalities: New Insights into Their Clinical Significance in Cancer |
| title_full | Chromosome Abnormalities: New Insights into Their Clinical Significance in Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Chromosome Abnormalities: New Insights into Their Clinical Significance in Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chromosome Abnormalities: New Insights into Their Clinical Significance in Cancer |
| title_short | Chromosome Abnormalities: New Insights into Their Clinical Significance in Cancer |
| title_sort | chromosome abnormalities new insights into their clinical significance in cancer |
| topic | chromosomal abnormalities aneuploidy chromosome instability chemotherapy immunotherapy |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2372770520300735 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fankou chromosomeabnormalitiesnewinsightsintotheirclinicalsignificanceincancer AT leiwu chromosomeabnormalitiesnewinsightsintotheirclinicalsignificanceincancer AT xiubaoren chromosomeabnormalitiesnewinsightsintotheirclinicalsignificanceincancer AT liliyang chromosomeabnormalitiesnewinsightsintotheirclinicalsignificanceincancer |