Elucidating the Functional Roles of Helper and Cytotoxic T Cells in the Cell-Mediated Immune Responses of Olive Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>)
In higher vertebrates, helper and cytotoxic T cells, referred to as CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, respectively, are mainly associated with adaptive immunity. The adaptive immune system in teleosts involves T cells equivalent to those found in mammals. We previously generated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/847 |
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| author | Jae Wook Jung Ae Rin Lee Jaesung Kim Young Rim Kim Jassy Mary S. Lazarte Jung Suk Lee Kim D. Thompson Hyeongsu Kim Tae Sung Jung |
| author_facet | Jae Wook Jung Ae Rin Lee Jaesung Kim Young Rim Kim Jassy Mary S. Lazarte Jung Suk Lee Kim D. Thompson Hyeongsu Kim Tae Sung Jung |
| author_sort | Jae Wook Jung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In higher vertebrates, helper and cytotoxic T cells, referred to as CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, respectively, are mainly associated with adaptive immunity. The adaptive immune system in teleosts involves T cells equivalent to those found in mammals. We previously generated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against olive flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) CD4 T cells, CD4-1 and CD4-2, and used these to describe the olive flounder’s CD4 Tcell response during a viral infection. In the present study, we successfully produced mAbs against CD8 T lymphocytes and their specificities were confirmed using immuno-blotting, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry analysis andreverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that these mAbs are specific for CD8 T lymphocytes. We also investigated variations in CD4 and CD8 T cells populations, and analyzed the expression of immune-related genes expressed by these cells in fish infected with nervous necrosis virus or immunized with thymus dependent and independent antigens. We found that both CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte populations significantly increased in these fish and Th1-related genes were up-regulated compared to the control group. Collectively, these findings suggest that the CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes in olive flounder are similar to the helper and cytotoxic T cells found in mammals, and Th1 and cytotoxic immune responses are primarily involved in the early adaptive immune response against extracellular antigens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:36:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-80a2fcfee10e42e4ba3934530ec0a6d9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:36:57Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-80a2fcfee10e42e4ba3934530ec0a6d92023-12-03T13:26:53ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-01-0122284710.3390/ijms22020847Elucidating the Functional Roles of Helper and Cytotoxic T Cells in the Cell-Mediated Immune Responses of Olive Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>)Jae Wook Jung0Ae Rin Lee1Jaesung Kim2Young Rim Kim3Jassy Mary S. Lazarte4Jung Suk Lee5Kim D. Thompson6Hyeongsu Kim7Tae Sung Jung8Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Research Institute of Natural Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501-201, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju-si 52828, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Research Institute of Natural Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501-201, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju-si 52828, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Research Institute of Natural Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501-201, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju-si 52828, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Research Institute of Natural Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501-201, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju-si 52828, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Research Institute of Natural Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501-201, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju-si 52828, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Research Institute of Natural Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501-201, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju-si 52828, KoreaMoredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, UKInland Aquaculture Research, National Institute of Fisheries Science, #55, 25gil, Yeomyeong-ro, Jinhae-gu, Changwon-si 51688, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Research Institute of Natural Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501-201, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju-si 52828, KoreaIn higher vertebrates, helper and cytotoxic T cells, referred to as CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, respectively, are mainly associated with adaptive immunity. The adaptive immune system in teleosts involves T cells equivalent to those found in mammals. We previously generated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against olive flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) CD4 T cells, CD4-1 and CD4-2, and used these to describe the olive flounder’s CD4 Tcell response during a viral infection. In the present study, we successfully produced mAbs against CD8 T lymphocytes and their specificities were confirmed using immuno-blotting, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry analysis andreverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that these mAbs are specific for CD8 T lymphocytes. We also investigated variations in CD4 and CD8 T cells populations, and analyzed the expression of immune-related genes expressed by these cells in fish infected with nervous necrosis virus or immunized with thymus dependent and independent antigens. We found that both CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte populations significantly increased in these fish and Th1-related genes were up-regulated compared to the control group. Collectively, these findings suggest that the CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes in olive flounder are similar to the helper and cytotoxic T cells found in mammals, and Th1 and cytotoxic immune responses are primarily involved in the early adaptive immune response against extracellular antigens.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/847helper T cellscytotoxic T cellsmonoclonal antibodylymphocytesolive flounder |
| spellingShingle | Jae Wook Jung Ae Rin Lee Jaesung Kim Young Rim Kim Jassy Mary S. Lazarte Jung Suk Lee Kim D. Thompson Hyeongsu Kim Tae Sung Jung Elucidating the Functional Roles of Helper and Cytotoxic T Cells in the Cell-Mediated Immune Responses of Olive Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) International Journal of Molecular Sciences helper T cells cytotoxic T cells monoclonal antibody lymphocytes olive flounder |
| title | Elucidating the Functional Roles of Helper and Cytotoxic T Cells in the Cell-Mediated Immune Responses of Olive Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) |
| title_full | Elucidating the Functional Roles of Helper and Cytotoxic T Cells in the Cell-Mediated Immune Responses of Olive Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Elucidating the Functional Roles of Helper and Cytotoxic T Cells in the Cell-Mediated Immune Responses of Olive Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elucidating the Functional Roles of Helper and Cytotoxic T Cells in the Cell-Mediated Immune Responses of Olive Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) |
| title_short | Elucidating the Functional Roles of Helper and Cytotoxic T Cells in the Cell-Mediated Immune Responses of Olive Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) |
| title_sort | elucidating the functional roles of helper and cytotoxic t cells in the cell mediated immune responses of olive flounder i paralichthys olivaceus i |
| topic | helper T cells cytotoxic T cells monoclonal antibody lymphocytes olive flounder |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/847 |
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