On the Effect of the M<sup>3+</sup> Origin on the Properties and Aldol Condensation Performance of MgM<sup>3+</sup> Hydrotalcites and Mixed Oxides
Hydrotalcites (HTCs) are promising solid base catalysts to produce advanced biofuels by aldol condensation. Their main potential lies in the tunability of their acid-base properties by varying their composition. However, the relationship between the composition of hydrotalcites, their basicity, and...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/8/992 |
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| author | Valeriia Korolova Oleg Kikhtyanin Martin Veselý Dan Vrtiška Iva Paterová Vlastimil Fíla Libor Čapek David Kubička |
| author_facet | Valeriia Korolova Oleg Kikhtyanin Martin Veselý Dan Vrtiška Iva Paterová Vlastimil Fíla Libor Čapek David Kubička |
| author_sort | Valeriia Korolova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hydrotalcites (HTCs) are promising solid base catalysts to produce advanced biofuels by aldol condensation. Their main potential lies in the tunability of their acid-base properties by varying their composition. However, the relationship between the composition of hydrotalcites, their basicity, and their catalytic performance has not yet been fully revealed. Here, we investigate systematically the preparation of HTCs with the general formula of Mg<sub>6</sub>M<sup>3+</sup><sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>16</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O, where M<sup>3+</sup> stands for Al, Ga, Fe, and In, while keeping the Mg/M<sup>3+</sup> equal to 3. We use an array of analytical methods including XRD, N<sub>2</sub> physisorption, CO<sub>2</sub>-TPD, TGA-MS, FTIR-ATR, and SEM to assess changes in the properties and concluded that the nature of M<sup>3+</sup> affected the HTC crystallinity. We show that the basicity of the HTC-derived mixed oxides decreased with the increase in atomic weight of M<sup>3+</sup>, which was reflected by decreased furfural conversion in its aldol condensation with acetone. We demonstrate that all MgM<sup>3+</sup> mixed oxides can be fully rehydrated, which boosted their activity in aldol condensation. Taking all characterization results together, we conclude that the catalytic performance of the rehydrated HTCs is determined by the “host” MgO component, rather than the nature of M<sup>3+</sup>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:56:37Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:56:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-80a34a5ce72c405d81bc4c7eb70d6be72023-11-22T07:07:44ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442021-08-0111899210.3390/catal11080992On the Effect of the M<sup>3+</sup> Origin on the Properties and Aldol Condensation Performance of MgM<sup>3+</sup> Hydrotalcites and Mixed OxidesValeriia Korolova0Oleg Kikhtyanin1Martin Veselý2Dan Vrtiška3Iva Paterová4Vlastimil Fíla5Libor Čapek6David Kubička7Department of Petroleum Technology and Alternative Fuels, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech RepublicTechnopark Kralupy, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, nám. G. Karse 7/2, 278 01 Kralupy nad Vltavou, Czech RepublicDepartment of Organic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Petroleum Technology and Alternative Fuels, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Organic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Inorganic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech RepublicDepartment of Petroleum Technology and Alternative Fuels, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech RepublicHydrotalcites (HTCs) are promising solid base catalysts to produce advanced biofuels by aldol condensation. Their main potential lies in the tunability of their acid-base properties by varying their composition. However, the relationship between the composition of hydrotalcites, their basicity, and their catalytic performance has not yet been fully revealed. Here, we investigate systematically the preparation of HTCs with the general formula of Mg<sub>6</sub>M<sup>3+</sup><sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>16</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O, where M<sup>3+</sup> stands for Al, Ga, Fe, and In, while keeping the Mg/M<sup>3+</sup> equal to 3. We use an array of analytical methods including XRD, N<sub>2</sub> physisorption, CO<sub>2</sub>-TPD, TGA-MS, FTIR-ATR, and SEM to assess changes in the properties and concluded that the nature of M<sup>3+</sup> affected the HTC crystallinity. We show that the basicity of the HTC-derived mixed oxides decreased with the increase in atomic weight of M<sup>3+</sup>, which was reflected by decreased furfural conversion in its aldol condensation with acetone. We demonstrate that all MgM<sup>3+</sup> mixed oxides can be fully rehydrated, which boosted their activity in aldol condensation. Taking all characterization results together, we conclude that the catalytic performance of the rehydrated HTCs is determined by the “host” MgO component, rather than the nature of M<sup>3+</sup>.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/8/992hydrotalcitesmixed oxidesaldol condensationbasic catalysts |
| spellingShingle | Valeriia Korolova Oleg Kikhtyanin Martin Veselý Dan Vrtiška Iva Paterová Vlastimil Fíla Libor Čapek David Kubička On the Effect of the M<sup>3+</sup> Origin on the Properties and Aldol Condensation Performance of MgM<sup>3+</sup> Hydrotalcites and Mixed Oxides Catalysts hydrotalcites mixed oxides aldol condensation basic catalysts |
| title | On the Effect of the M<sup>3+</sup> Origin on the Properties and Aldol Condensation Performance of MgM<sup>3+</sup> Hydrotalcites and Mixed Oxides |
| title_full | On the Effect of the M<sup>3+</sup> Origin on the Properties and Aldol Condensation Performance of MgM<sup>3+</sup> Hydrotalcites and Mixed Oxides |
| title_fullStr | On the Effect of the M<sup>3+</sup> Origin on the Properties and Aldol Condensation Performance of MgM<sup>3+</sup> Hydrotalcites and Mixed Oxides |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the Effect of the M<sup>3+</sup> Origin on the Properties and Aldol Condensation Performance of MgM<sup>3+</sup> Hydrotalcites and Mixed Oxides |
| title_short | On the Effect of the M<sup>3+</sup> Origin on the Properties and Aldol Condensation Performance of MgM<sup>3+</sup> Hydrotalcites and Mixed Oxides |
| title_sort | on the effect of the m sup 3 sup origin on the properties and aldol condensation performance of mgm sup 3 sup hydrotalcites and mixed oxides |
| topic | hydrotalcites mixed oxides aldol condensation basic catalysts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/8/992 |
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